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Heliobas Disciple

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Study Finds Increasing Time Between COVID Vaccine Doses Reduces Risk of Myocarditis, Yet Cardiologists Raise Concerns
Expert says adolescents do not have trouble with COVID-19 and are being subjected to higher risk than benefit by being vaccinated.

By Megan Redshaw
2/25/2024

New research suggests increasing the interval between vaccine doses or using a single dose may significantly lower the risk of heart inflammation caused by mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. Yet some cardiologists are concerned about asymptotic myocarditis and say any risk of heart inflammation in a population group that’s not at risk of experiencing severe COVID-19 is too much.

In a February peer-reviewed paper published in NPJ Vaccines, researchers in Hong Kong observed a significantly lower cumulative incidence of carditis, or heart inflammation, among adolescents who received their second vaccine dose more than 56 days after their first dose compared with those who received their second dose within 21 to 27 days. A second analysis showed that increasing the time between the first and second vaccine doses decreased the risk of heart inflammation by 66 percent. Researchers compared the risk of carditis between standard and extended interdose intervals in 12- to 17-year-olds who received two doses of Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine.

Among 143,636 adolescents who received at least one dose of Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine, 130,970 (91 percent) received a second dose. Approximately 43 percent of these adolescents received their second dose at an extended interval. During the study period, a total of 84 adolescents were hospitalized for conditions related to heart inflammation within 28 days of the second vaccine dose. After implementing exclusion criteria, 49 cases remained and were attributed to COVID-19 vaccination.

The incidence of heart inflammation was higher in males than females.

In a subgroup analysis among male adolescents, the incidence of carditis was significantly lower in the extended interval group compared with the standard group, with 22 versus 88 cases per million, respectively. In contrast, the incidence of heart inflammation was similar among females vaccinated at standard and extended dose intervals.

The researchers said their findings are consistent with other studies that show young males are at a higher risk of mRNA vaccine-related heart inflammation, although the absolute risk is low and that an interval between vaccine doses greater than 56 days could help reduce the risk of heart inflammation in adolescents.


Cardiologist: Vaccinating Healthy Adolescents Is ‘All Risk’

Pediatric cardiologist Dr. Kirk Milhoan told The Epoch Times that he doesn’t necessarily disagree with the study’s findings, but even a small risk of heart inflammation for adolescents who are not at risk from COVID-19 is too much.

“Before we do any procedure like a medicine, vaccination, or surgery, I look to see if the benefit outweighs the risk or if there’s any benefit at all. A recent paper out of the Cleveland Clinic showed that with more vaccines comes an increased risk of experiencing COVID-19. Once data is available from a reputable study, we must then ask if there’s any benefit to vaccination for the majority of people,” he said.

Referencing the current Hong Kong study, Dr. Milhoan said researchers only looked at myocarditis among hospitalized patients, but he is concerned about people with silent myocarditis from the COVID-19 vaccine, which is why he checks troponin levels. Even a slightly elevated troponin level can be indicative of heart damage.

“If you spread out the doses of the Pfizer product, which has a pseudo mRNA that may have asked the body to make a spike protein we now know is cardiotoxic and directly correlated with myocarditis, fewer people got hospitalized, but people still got hospitalized,” Dr. Milhoan said.

“If you get a large dose of toxin very close together, that’s probably harder on your body than if you spread it over time, but what I believe is that we don’t need the vaccine for this very, very healthy cohort that doesn’t have trouble with COVID. We’re basically giving them all risk even if it’s less risk with no benefit,” he added.


Heart Inflammation Is Higher Due to Asymptomatic Cases


Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine was first made available in Hong Kong in June 2021 with a recommended dose interval for adults and adolescents of 21 days. After a local pharmacovigilance study in January 2022 showed an increased risk of heart inflammation among adolescents who received two vaccine doses, the Department of Health in March 2022 recommended the interval between the first and second vaccine doses be increased to 56 days.

Although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) originally recommended a three-week interval between the first and second COVID-19 vaccine doses, it recommended the interval be increased in 2022 to eight weeks for Pfizer and Moderna to reduce the risk of heart inflammation.

In a Feb. 15 hearing by the Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Pandemic, Dr. Peter Marks, director of the FDA’s Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, said myocarditis, or heart inflammation, is one of the “rare” adverse events the agency identified with COVID-19 vaccines, but with “mitigation strategies in place,” the occurrence has decreased.

“After the first COVID-19 vaccine where the primary series given two doses three or four weeks apart, there was a risk in the younger age range of males that was about 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 20,000 individuals got myocarditis. Now, with the spacing out of the vaccines, that risk is almost undetectable,” Dr. Marks told the committee.

“There was a signal for myocarditis or pericarditis only after the primary vaccination series with the Pfizer mRNA vaccine in those 12 to 17 years of age, and that now that signal is not being seen more recently. So I think we’ve learned something with how to deploy the vaccines and I think that’s why the CDC ... has changed their recommendations for how they be used,” he added.

In an email to The Epoch Times, cardiologist Dr. Peter McCullough said he believes Dr. Marks and the FDA have failed to keep up with the evolving medical literature on COVID-19 and vaccine-induced myocarditis.

After reviewing multiple peer-reviewed publications on myocarditis, Dr. McCullough made the following conclusions:

1. Vaccine myocarditis occurs in about 2.5 percent of vaccine recipients per administration—and half of the cases are asymptomatic.

2. The incidence of myocarditis is heavily influenced by age and gender, with young men ages 18 to 24 being most at risk.

3. COVID-19 vaccine-induced myocarditis is fatal in cases examined at autopsy.
 

Heliobas Disciple

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Shadows in the Data: The Ghost Victims of COVID-19 Unveiled
By Jillian McKoy, Boston University School of Public Health
February 25, 2024

The new study provides the most compelling data yet to suggest that excess mortality rates from chronic illnesses and other natural causes were actually driven by COVID-19 infections.

Nearly 1,170,000 people have died from COVID-19 in the United States according to official federal counts, but multiple excess mortality studies suggest that these totals are vastly undercounted. While excess mortality provides an estimation of deaths that likely would not have occurred under normal, non-pandemic conditions, there is still little evidence into whether the SARS-CoV-2 virus contributed to these additional deaths, or whether these deaths were caused by other factors such as healthcare disruptions or socioeconomic challenges.

Now, a new study led by the School of Public Health and the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn) provides the first concrete data showing that many of these excess deaths were indeed uncounted COVID-19 deaths.

Published in the journal PNAS, the study compared reported COVID-19 deaths to excess deaths due to non-COVID, natural causes, such as diseases and chronic illnesses, and found that increases in non-COVID excess deaths occurred at the same time or in the month prior to increases in reported COVID-19 deaths in most US counties.

Focusing on excess deaths by natural causes rather than all-cause excess death estimates provides a more accurate understanding of the true number of deaths attributable to COVID-19, as it eliminates external causes for mortality, such as intentional or unintentional injuries, for which COVID-19 would not be a contributing factor.

“Our findings show that many COVID-19 deaths went uncounted during the pandemic, says study corresponding author Andrew Stokes, associate professor of global health, who has led numerous studies analyzing excess mortality patterns and drivers during the pandemic.

The temporal correlation between reported COVID-19 deaths and excess deaths reported to non-COVID-19 natural causes offers insight into the causes of these deaths, he says. “We observed peaks in non-COVID-19 excess deaths in the same or prior month as COVID-19 deaths, a pattern consistent with these being unrecognized COVID-19 deaths that were missed due to low community awareness and a lack of COVID-19 testing.”

If the primary explanation for these deaths were healthcare interruptions and delays in care, the non-COVID excess deaths would likely occur after a peak in reported COVID-19 deaths and subsequent interruptions in care, says study lead author Eugenio Paglino, a PhD student studying demography and sociology at UPenn. “However, this pattern was not observed nationally or in any of the geographic subregions we assessed,” Paglino says.

“This work is important because our ability to detect and correctly assign deaths during an epidemic goes to the heart of our understanding of the disease and how we organize our response,” says Nahid Bhadelia, founding director of the Boston University Center on Emerging Infectious Diseases.

For the study, Stokes, Paglino, and colleagues utilized novel statistical methods to analyze monthly data on natural-cause deaths and reported COVID-19 deaths for 3,127 counties over the first 30 months of the pandemic, from March 2020 to August 2022. They estimated that 1.2 million excess natural-cause deaths occurred in US counties during this time period, and found that roughly 163,000 of these deaths did not have COVID-19 listed at all on the death certificates.

Analyzing both temporal and geographical patterns of these deaths, the researchers found that the gap between these non-COVID excess deaths and reported COVID-19 deaths was largest in nonmetropolitan counties, the West, and the South—and that the second year of the pandemic saw almost as as many non-COVID excess deaths in the second year of the pandemic as in the first year, contrary to previous research. Meanwhile, metropolitan areas in New England and the Mid-Atlantic states were the only areas to report more COVID-19 deaths than non-COVID excess deaths.

Many of these geographical differences in death patterns are likely explained by differences in state policies, COVID death protocols, or political biases by local officials that influenced COVID policies, the researchers say. In rural areas, for example, COVID-19 testing was more limited, and political biases or stigma around COVID may have affected whether COVID-19 was listed on a death certificate. Conversely, reported COVID-19 deaths may have exceeded non-COVID excess deaths due to successful mitigation policies that encouraged physical distancing and masking, and likely lowered cases of other respiratory diseases. Certain state protocols, such as in Massachusetts, also enabled death investigators to list COVID-19 as an official cause of death within 60 days of a diagnosis (until March 2022), rather than the 30-day limit in other states.

“Geographic variation in the quality of cause of death reporting not only adversely affected pandemic response in areas where COVID-19 deaths were underreported, but it also reduced the accuracy of our national surveillance data and modeling,” says study coauthor Katherine Hempstead, senior policy adviser at the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.

“Rapid detection of non-typical mortality patterns could pinpoint the emergence of local novel disease clusters and become an important tool for more effective pandemic mitigation,” says Yannis Paschalidis, distinguished professor of engineering, director of the Hariri Institute, and principal investigator of a National Science Foundation project at BU on Predicting and Preventing Epidemic to Pandemic Transitions.

Importantly, these findings also disprove political assertions or public beliefs that have attributed mortality during the pandemic to COVID-19 vaccinations or shelter-in-place policies.

“Accurate information on how many people in a community die from COVID-19—or any other cause—is essential for making decisions about public health,” says study coauthor Maria Glymour, chair and professor of epidemiology. “It is also important for families. Everyone deserves to know why a loved one died. Resources and commitment to ensure accurate death investigations are essential, and these findings of uncounted COVID-19 deaths indicate those resources are lacking in many communities.”

The researchers hope this new data will encourage future analyses using hospitalizations and other local data to continue to parse uncounted COVID-19 deaths from excess natural-cause as well as external deaths.

“This study documents the deadliness of COVID-19 and the effectiveness of public health interventions,” said Kristin Urquiza, who cofounded Marked By COVID, the justice and remembrance movement led by COVID grievers, after losing her father to COVID. “The least we can do to honor those who died is to accurately account for what happened.”

Reference: “Excess natural-cause mortality in US counties and its association with reported COVID-19 deaths” by Eugenio Paglino, Dielle J. Lundberg, Elizabeth Wrigley-Field, Zhenwei Zhou, Joe A. Wasserman, Rafeya Raquib, Yea-Hung Chen, Katherine Hempstead, Samuel H. Preston, Irma T. Elo, M. Maria Glymour and Andrew C. Stokes, 1 February 2024, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313661121

At SPH, the study was coauthored by alum Dielle Lundberg (SPH’19), research assistant in the Department of Global Health and PhD student at University of Washington School of Public Health, alum Zhenwei Zhou (SPH’23), and Rafeya Raquib (SPH’22), research fellow in the Department of Global Health. It was also coauthored by Elizabeth Wrigley-Field, associate professor of sociology at the University of Minnesota; Joe Wasserman, research public health analyst 2 at RTI International; Yea-Hung Chen, research data specialist in epidemiology and biostatistics at the University of California, San Francisco; Samuel Preston, professor of sociology at UPenn; and Irma Elo, Tamsen and Michael Brown Presidential Professor of Sociology at UPenn. It was funded by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the National Institute on Aging, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the W.K. Kellogg Foundation, and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
 

Ractivist

Pride comes before the fall.....Pride month ended.
Two men in my church have been struck down. One has thirty five percent of his heart working, the other recently went in for feeling off, checked his pulse, it was at forty.....diagnosed with fifteen percent of his heart working. Two others have lesser symptoms and I'm thinking they also got the shot. The two previously mentioned each had two shots. They know the shots did it. So this is latent in developing, both in the last six weeks.
 

psychgirl

Has No Life - Lives on TB
Two men in my church have been struck down. One has thirty five percent of his heart working, the other recently went in for feeling off, checked his pulse, it was at forty.....diagnosed with fifteen percent of his heart working. Two others have lesser symptoms and I'm thinking they also got the shot. The two previously mentioned each had two shots. They know the shots did it. So this is latent in developing, both in the last six weeks.
I’m so sorry.
 

ktrapper

Veteran Member
Two men in my church have been struck down. One has thirty five percent of his heart working, the other recently went in for feeling off, checked his pulse, it was at forty.....diagnosed with fifteen percent of his heart working. Two others have lesser symptoms and I'm thinking they also got the shot. The two previously mentioned each had two shots. They know the shots did it. So this is latent in developing, both in the last six weeks.
No doubt as time goes on we will see more and more the depletion of jab recipients health. Maybe some that had Covid as well.
It’s obvious that it was a bio attack on us.

Do you know when the two mentioned had their shots? 2021?
 

Heliobas Disciple

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Leaky Blood Vessels: Underlying Cause of Long COVID “Brain Fog” Discovered
By Trinity College Dublin
February 26, 2024

Scientists uncover crucial links between Long COVID and brain blood vessel integrity, offering hope for new treatments and diagnostic methods.

A team of scientists from Trinity College Dublin and investigators from FutureNeuro announced a major discovery that has profound importance for our understanding of brain fog and cognitive decline seen in some patients with Long COVID.

In the months after the emergence of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2 in late 2019 a patient-reported syndrome termed Long-COVID began to come to the fore as an enduring manifestation of acute infection.


Understanding Long COVID

Long COVID has up to 200 reported symptoms to date, but in general, patients report lingering symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, problems with memory and thinking, and joint/muscle pain. While the vast majority of people suffering from COVID-19 make a full recovery, any of these symptoms that linger for more than 12 weeks post-infection can be considered Long COVID.

Long COVID has now become a major public health issue since the outbreak of the pandemic in 2020. While international incidence rates vary, it is estimated to affect up to 10% of patients infected with the SARS-CoV2 virus. Of these patients suffering from Long-COVID, just under 50% of them report some form of lingering neurological effect such as cognitive decline, fatigue, and brain fog.

View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Msmbfy4mv4
1 min 53 sec


Breakthrough Findings in Neuroscience


Now, the findings reported by the Trinity team in the top international journal Nature Neuroscience showed that there was disruption to the integrity of the blood vessels in the brains of patients suffering from Long COVID and brain fog. This blood vessel “leakiness” was able to objectively distinguish those patients with brain fog and cognitive decline compared to patients suffering from Long-COVID but not with brain fog.

The team led by scientists at the Smurfit Institute of Genetics in Trinity’s School of Genetics and Microbiology and neurologists in the School of Medicine have also uncovered a novel form of MRI scan that shows how Long-COVID can affect the human brain’s delicate network of blood vessels.

“For the first time, we have been able to show that leaky blood vessels in the human brain, in tandem with a hyperactive immune system may be the key drivers of brain fog associated with Long COVID. This is critically important, as understanding the underlying cause of these conditions will allow us to develop targeted therapies for patients in the future,” said Prof. Matthew Campbell, Professor in Genetics and Head of Genetics at Trinity, and Principal Investigator at FutureNeuro.

This project was initiated by a rapid response grant funded by Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) at the height of the pandemic in 2020 and involved recruiting patients suffering from the effects of Long-COVID as well as patients who were hospitalized in St James’ Hospital.

“Undertaking this complicated clinical research study at a time of national crisis and when our hospital system was under severe pressure is a testament to the skill and resource of our medical trainees and staff. The findings will now likely change the landscape of how we understand and treat post-viral neurological conditions. It also confirms that the neurological symptoms of Long Covid are measurable with real and demonstrable metabolic and vascular changes in the brain,” said Prof. Colin Doherty, Professor of Neurology and Head of the School of Medicine at Trinity, and Principal Investigator at FutureNeuro.


Moving Beyond COVID-19

In recent years, it has become apparent that many neurological conditions such as Multiple sclerosis (MS) likely have a viral infection as the initiating event that triggers the pathology. However, proving that direct link has always been challenging.

Prof. Campbell added: “Here, the team at Trinity was able to prove that every patient that developed Long-COVID had been diagnosed with SARS-CoV2 infection, because Ireland required every documented case to be diagnosed using the more accurate PCR-based methods. The concept that many other viral infections that lead to post-viral syndromes might drive blood vessel leakage in the brain is potentially game-changing and is under active investigation by the team.”

Dr. Chris Greene, Postdoctoral research fellow and first author of the study, added: “Our findings have now set the stage for further studies examining the molecular events that lead to post-viral fatigue and brain fog. Without doubt, similar mechanisms are at play across many disparate types of viral infection and we are now tantalizingly close to understanding how and why they cause neurological dysfunction in patients.”

Reference: “Blood–brain barrier disruption and sustained systemic inflammation in individuals with long COVID-associated cognitive impairment” by Chris Greene, Ruairi Connolly, Declan Brennan, Aoife Laffan, Eoin O’Keeffe, Lilia Zaporojan, Jeffrey O’Callaghan, Bennett Thomson, Emma Connolly, Ruth Argue, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Aideen Long, Cliona Ni Cheallaigh, Niall Conlon, Colin P. Doherty and Matthew Campbell, 22 February 2024, Nature Neuroscience.
DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01576-9
 

Heliobas Disciple

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Thailand Medical Authorities Report Only 487 COVID-19 Hospitalizations And 3 Deaths Last Week. JN.1.22 Debuts In Thailand
Nikhil Prasad Fact checked by:Thailand Medical News Team
Feb 27, 2024

In the latest update on Thailand's battle against the COVID-19 pandemic, there is encouraging news as infection rates show signs of decline. Between February 18th and February 24th, 2024, Thailand Medical authorities reported a total of 487 COVID-19 hospitalizations and three deaths. This marks a notable decrease compared to the previous week, instilling a sense of hope in the ongoing fight against the virus.


Weekly Statistics: Decrease in Hospitalizations and Deaths
Breaking down the numbers, the average daily hospitalization rate for the most recent week stands at 70 cases per day, slightly lower than the previous week's average of 71 cases per day. Similarly, the average daily death toll decreased from one case per day in the preceding week to 0.4 cases per day in the latest reporting period. Though these figures indicate a positive trend, authorities emphasize the need for continued vigilance and adherence to preventive measures.



Overall Impact Since January 1, 2024
Since the beginning of the year 2024, Thailand has seen a total of 4,199 COVID-19 hospitalizations and 46 deaths. While these figures underscore the severity of the ongoing crisis, they also highlight the resilience of the country's healthcare system in managing the influx of cases and providing critical care to those in need.


Vaccination Campaigns and Healthcare Infrastructure
Efforts to ramp up health education and COVID-19 preventions campaigns and enhance healthcare infrastructure have undoubtedly played a pivotal role in mitigating the impact of the virus. Thailand's healthcare system has demonstrated adaptability and effectiveness in the face of the pandemic, and ongoing initiatives aim to further strengthen the nation's ability to respond to the evolving situation.


New Variant JN.1.22 Also Found In Thailand
In addition to the positive trend in infection rates, there is notable news on the scientific front. The new variants of the virus, designated as JN.1.22 has also been found in in Thailand.


There are unproven speculations that this new variant could lead to more disease severity due to not only its enhanced immune evasiveness and enhanced binding capabilities, but it could also be more fusogenic.

At the moment only one sequence of this new variant has been found from a hospitalized patient in Thailand.

This discovery emphasizes the importance of ongoing genomic surveillance efforts to monitor the evolution of the virus and adapt public health strategies accordingly. While the characteristics and implications of these new variants are still under investigation, their detection underscores the ever-evolving nature of the pandemic.


The Role of Genomic Surveillance
Genomic surveillance plays a crucial role in understanding the genetic makeup of the virus and tracking any changes that may affect its transmissibility, severity, or resistance to existing treatments. This proactive approach enables authorities to stay one step ahead in their response to the virus, ensuring a more targeted and effective public health strategy.


A Call for Continued Vigilance
Despite the positive developments, health officials urge the public to remain cautious and avoid complacency. The threat of COVID-19 remains ever-present, particularly in the face of emerging variants and potential resurgence. Therefore, adherence to preventive measures such as mask-wearing, social distancing, and vaccination remains crucial in curbing transmission and safeguarding public health.


Conclusion: A Glimmer of Hope
As the world continues to grapple with the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, Thailand's recent progress serves as a beacon of hope. While there is still much ground to cover, the downward trend in infection rates and the discovery of new variants underscore the importance of a multifaceted approach encompassing vaccination, surveillance, and public health measures. By remaining united and steadfast in our efforts, we can overcome this crisis and emerge stronger together.
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fv1k1HX64eI

Whistleblower - Embalmer Type Clots Occurring in the Living?
Vejon Health
Feb 25, 2024
11 min 24 sec


This is an introductory video re his interview with a whistleblower who is pulling out the fibrous clots from living people - he says 99% of them are vaxxed. The full 53 minute interview is on his substack, with some disturbing images so maybe reduce the screen if you're squeamish (so you can still listen).

 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
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Long COVID Doesn't Always Look Like You Think It Does
Jamie Ducharme - TIME
Tue, February 27, 2024, 12:58 PM EST

In the spring of 2023, after her third case of COVID-19, Jennifer Robertson started to feel strange. Her heart raced all day long and she could barely sleep at night. She had dizzy spells. She felt pins and needles in her arm, she says, a “buzzing feeling” in her foot, and pain in her legs and lymph nodes. She broke out in a rash. She smelled “phantom” cigarette smoke, even when none was in the air.

Robertson, 48, had a feeling COVID-19 might have somehow been the trigger. She knew about Long COVID, the name for chronic symptoms following an infection, because her 11-year-old son has it. But “he didn’t have anything like this,” she says. “His set of symptoms are totally different,” involving spiking fevers and vocal and motor tics. Her own experience was so different from her son's, it was hard to believe the same condition could be to blame. “I just thought, ‘It’s really coincidental that I never got well, and now I’m getting worse,’” she says.

She saw a doctor in Cyprus, where her family was living at the time, and then in Saudi Arabia, where her husband was working. Neither visit yielded much. Then, after Robertson's family moved to Scotland in the summer of 2023, a specialist there diagnosed with Long COVID. She is still sick—and a reinfection late last year set her back—but she has found some relief in treatments prescribed by her doctors, including heart medication and antihistamines.

Robertson’s story highlights the many challenges of detecting, diagnosing, and treating Long COVID. It affects people from all walks of life and produces a vast array of symptoms that can range in severity from mild to life-altering. And because there are so many forms Long COVID can take, it can be difficult for patients and doctors to know what’s going on.

That means many people aren’t getting diagnosed or treated, says Nisreen Alwan, a professor of public health at the U.K.’s University of Southampton who studies Long COVID (and has had the condition herself). Alwan’s research suggests there is “considerable self-doubt” among Long COVID patients, with many people questioning if they should get medical care or have the condition at all. That may be in part because media coverage tends to showcase a specific type of patient—someone who is very sick, potentially to the point of being bed-bound, and battling extreme fatigue and brain fog—so people with milder or more unusual symptoms aren’t sure whether their illness counts as Long COVID, Alwan says.

It’s hard to blame people for being confused. Long COVID is so broadly defined that virtually any unexplained health issue that comes after a case of COVID-19 and lasts at least a couple months could fit the bill. More than 200 symptoms have been linked to Long COVID—everything from insomnia and hallucinations to tremors and gastrointestinal issues—and they often look very different from those of an acute COVID-19 case. Further complicating matters, some people feel better for weeks or months after their initial infection before their health deteriorates.

Research suggests certain symptoms are particularly telltale signs of Long COVID, including fatigue, energy crashes after physical or mental exertion, brain fog, chronic cough, and changes to smell and taste. (These symptoms are also among those the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says are most common.) But there’s no universal experience of Long COVID, says Dr. Leora Horwitz, a professor at the NYU Grossman School of Medicine who researches the condition through the federal RECOVER Initiative. “Undoubtedly, there are [patients] who have maybe only one of these symptoms, or maybe a totally different symptom,” Horwitz says.

Symptom severity can vary widely, too. Some people are disabled due to Long COVID, while others live fairly normal lives—at least outwardly. Some people’s symptoms also wax and wane, varying from day to day or going dormant for a while before coming back.

Research suggests about a quarter of the millions of U.S. adults with Long COVID report “significant activity limitations” that affect their ability to work, take care of their families, or carry out other day-to-day tasks. But many people have problems that don't quite meet that bar, according to a 2023 study that identified four levels of Long COVID: “a few lingering issues,” “significant physical symptoms,” “ongoing mental and cognitive struggles,” and “numerous compounding challenges.” In a group of about 600 Long COVID patients, more than 100 fell into each category, which shows the diversity of Long COVID experiences, says study co-author Keri Vartanian, who leads the Center for Outcomes Research and Education at the multi-state Providence health system.

It’s important for both patients and clinicians to know that Long COVID can take so many different forms, Vartanian says, because recognition is the first step to diagnosis and treatment. Lots of people suffer from many disparate health problems, but it "might not be a multitude of symptoms that somebody is experiencing,” Vartanian says. “It might be one or two things. It might be mental health and only mental health.”

Even if someone is properly diagnosed, of course, there’s no promise that they’ll completely recover—as of now, there’s no cure for Long COVID. Even so, some post-COVID complications, such as damage to a specific organ, can be effectively treated, says Dr. Stanley Martin, an infectious disease doctor who treats Long COVID patients at Geisinger Medical Center in Pennsylvania. Some symptoms that can’t be cured can also be managed to improve overall well-being, he says. (And if someone’s symptoms turn out to be related to something other than Long COVID, that’s worth knowing, too.)

“This isn’t like strep throat, where I’m going to give you a week of penicillin and you’re going to be a new person,” Martin says. “This is going to happen over months and months and months, but we expect and hope to see gradual progress.”

At the very least, receiving a Long COVID diagnosis can provide mental relief. That was the case for Lisa Vargas, a 51-year-old in Washington State who developed Long COVID in 2022. At first, she was so confused and scared by her symptoms—including extreme nausea after eating, stomach pain, excessive mucus production, fatigue, and brain fog—that she hesitated to even tell her family. At times, she wondered if she had dementia.

After being repeatedly dismissed by her primary care doctor, she finally saw a physician who referred her to a Long COVID clinic in Oregon. She's now gotten some treatments that help, at least temporarily—but just as importantly, Vargas says, she no longer feels isolated by her disease.

"Even when you feel like you're the most alone because you have the most weird, obscure thing going on," she says, "I guarantee someone else has it."
 

Heliobas Disciple

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Millions of Americans suffer from long COVID. Why do treatments remain out of reach?
Eduardo Cuevas and Karen Weintraub, USA TODAY
Updated Tue, February 27, 2024, 8:02 PM EST·8 min read

More than a year after catching COVID-19, Sawyer Blatz still can’t practice his weekly rituals: running for miles in San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park or biking around his adopted hometown.

In many ways, the pandemic isn’t over for the 27-year-old and millions of other Americans. It may never be.

They have long COVID, a condition characterized by any combination of 200 different lingering symptoms, some of which, like loss of taste and smell are familiar from initial infections and some totally alien, like the utter exhaustion that makes it impossible for Blatz to walk much more than a block.

“I feel homesick for my own city,” said Blatz, a laid-off software engineer who now uses his limited energy to advocate for long COVID patients.

Federal estimates suggest at least 16 million Americans have long COVID and maybe 4 million of them, like Blatz, who contracted his only COVID infection in November 2022, are disabled by it.

Along with other patient advocates and doctors, Blatz says the pace of government-funded research has been too slow and too small to address a problem of this magnitude. Many with long COVID have been left with debilitating conditions with no benefits yet seen from hundreds of millions of tax dollars poured into understanding and treating the chronic disease.

As Blatz puts it, there are still “zero” proven treatments for people like him.

“The urgency and finances are not meeting the moment,” said Blatz, who has tried more than 50 medications, supplements and exercise regimens over the past year to no avail and who co-founded a group called Long COVID Moonshot to channel “this grief over my life being ruined."

New research is published nearly every week, including recent studies showing that vaccines can reduce the risk of developing long COVID, that inflammation can disrupt the normal barrier between the brain and the rest of the body, causing brain fog, and that there are identifiable changes in the muscles of some people with long COVID, which could explain why exercise wears them out rather than making them stronger.

The complexity of both the disease and the drug development system, not to mention the difficulty of getting doctors to believe them and insurance to pay for visits, has left long COVID patients feeling alone and adrift.

Americans are paying a price. According to a 2022 analysis, long COVID costs the American economy at least $200 billion a year because of lost productivity, lost wages and medical costs.

And it’s not going to go away without a lot more attention, said David Putrino, who directs Rehabilitation Innovation at Mount Sinai Health System.

“It’s a problem we need to rapidly and aggressively address, otherwise we’re all going to pay for it,” he said.

In a paper in the journal Science published last week, researchers argue long COVID provides an historic opportunity to rethink acute chronic diseases that result from many infections and to prepare for future pandemics.

“This really needs to be an all-hands-on-deck situation,” Dr. Ziyad Al-Aly, an author of the paper, told USA TODAY. “A bolder approach is needed.”


The government is taking a systematic, comprehensive approach

Congress allocated $1.2 billion in late 2020 to study long COVID and begin to develop treatments.

Nearly 90,000 adults and children joined studies launched last year testing 13 interventions ranging from drugs like the antiviral Paxlovid, to sleep aids, physical therapy and medical devices.

This month, it directed an additional $500 million over the next four years into the Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Initiative, whose mission is “taking a systematic, comprehensive and rigorous approach to improve our understanding of Long COVID and increase the odds of identifying treatments that work.”

The additional money, redirected from a public health reserve fund, will enable more treatment studies, as well as more in-depth research to better understand what’s causing patients’ symptoms, Dr. Gary Gibbons, co-chair of RECOVER, told USA TODAY.

Rather than moving slowly, Gibbons said the federal government is committed to helping patients and is working as quickly as responsible science will allow.

Anyone who doesn’t see that either doesn’t understand the scientific process or doesn’t know what’s going on behind the scenes, much of which the federal government isn’t at liberty to make public because of negotiations with drug companies, he said.

“We all want to move with a sense of urgency to what works, but it's really important that it be definitive, and that we get it right,” Gibbons said. “So that's why we want to do this systematically, in accordance with the norms of rigorous science.”


Advocates say more needs to happen faster

Still, long COVID advocates see the federal effort as anemic, inflexible and slow.

“The current approach is wholly unsatisfactory,” said Al-Aly, chief of research and development at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs St. Louis Healthcare System. Current clinical trials, he said, are “very, very, very small, not ambitious at all.”

The trials might point to a potential treatment, but they won’t provide any breakthroughs, he said.

Instead, tens of thousands of existing drugs should be evaluated to develop lists of candidates that might also work for long COVID patients, and the private sector should be encouraged to develop new treatments.

Right now, large companies are afraid to invest in the hugely expensive process of developing long COVID drugs, he said, because there’s no global agreement either on how to define long COVID or on what improvement looks like.

Gibbons said his agency’s current collaboration with Pfizer, testing its drug Paxlovid in long COVID, should provide a regulatory roadmap for other companies to follow.

Putrino, of Mount Sinai, said he thinks the federal trials are also too simplistic.

Long COVID patients' conditions are some of the most complicated he’s ever seen. Delivering a single drug, device or therapy isn’t going to enable someone who can barely manage a shower to suddenly return to work.

He compared the one-drug-at-a-time approach to taking one nail out of someone’s foot while leaving four more deeply embedded.

Instead, researchers need to be testing multiple approaches simultaneously, using complex, cutting-edge clinical trial designs to see which combinations of therapies will help which patients, Putrino said.

Long COVID has a number of different possible causes, including lingering viral particles, clogged blood vessels, previous infections that somehow get reignited and an over- or under-active immune system.

Some patients might have more than one problem. Targeting the specific cause of someone’s symptoms will be essential, he said.

Last week, Putrino’s group at Mount Sinai won a $2.6 million grant from a long-COVID-dedicated nonprofit called the PolyBio Research Foundation to support two clinical trials. One will test whether two antiviral drugs used to treat HIV can mitigate symptoms of long COVID. The second will explore whether breaking down tiny blood clots with an enzyme called lumbrokinase can reduce symptoms in patients with long COVID or chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS).

Putrino said his studies will differ from those being done by the federal government because they will match people with specific symptoms and biological indicators to treatments targeted to those symptoms – rather than testing every treatment on everybody with long COVID.

“My hopes for 2024 are we’re going to be much more evidence-based in the drugs that we prescribe because these clinical trials will be informing who is going to respond to which drugs and who is not going to respond to those drugs,” he said.

The grassroots group LC/DC is holding a demonstration March 15 at Washington's Lincoln Memorial, calling for, among other things, officials to speed up research for a cure.

Both Al-Aly and Gibbons said they see long COVID research as an opportunity to help others with chronic ailments after infections.

Scientists have known at least since the 1918 flu that short-term illnesses can lead to long-term consequences. People infected with that flu strain were at much higher risk of later developing Parkinson’s. Similarly, people infected with polio in childhood, even those who escaped its worst effects, may get stricken decades later with post-polio syndrome, a debilitating muscle weakness.

By seeing so many people get sick around the same time and learning how to help those with long COVID, scientists should also be able to help others who struggle to recover or suffer consequences after another infection, Al-Aly said.

“We’ve marginalized these conditions and swept them under the rug for the past 100 years,” he said. “This pandemic is an opportunity to do it right.”
 

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Federal court dismisses case against Iowa governor’s ban on school mask mandates
By HANNAH FINGERHUT
February 27, 2024

DES MOINES, Iowa (AP) — A federal court on Tuesday dismissed a legal challenge to Iowa Gov. Kim Reynolds’ policy prohibiting schools from instituting mask requirements, which was brought by families of students with disabilities during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The ruling marks the conclusion of the yearslong court battle, originating in the fall of 2021 with a lawsuit alleging that Reynolds violated federal disability law by preventing schools from adopting mask mandates as an accommodation for students with disabilities.

Reynolds celebrated the result, saying in a statement that Iowa focused on keeping kids in the classroom, “trusting parents to decide what was best for their children.”

“While children were the least vulnerable, they paid the highest price for COVID lockdowns and mandates, but Iowa was a different story,” she said.

The American Civil Liberties Union of Iowa and Disability Rights Iowa, among others, filed the lawsuit on behalf of The Arc of Iowa, a disability advocacy organization, and Iowa families, citing the heightened risk to students with disabilities.

Rita Bettis Austen, ACLU of Iowa’s legal director, said in a statement they were disappointed by the ruling but “proud of what this case was able to accomplish for vulnerable children in Iowa,” saying the case provided “early relief for our clients.”

“Masking was critical to protecting the ability of children with underlying conditions and disabilities to attend school in person,” she said in an email. “Even in dismissing the case, the Court confirmed that Iowa law ‘does not prohibit a school from complying with disability laws.’”

A federal judge ruled in November 2022 that a school must consider, like any other accommodation request, a disabled students’ request that teachers, aides, students or others interacting with them wear a mask. The judge also said that a mandate must be allowed if that school district, considering Reynolds’ ban on mask mandates among other factors, determines it the request is a reasonable modification to make.

Reynolds appealed, and the federal court’s ruling orders dismissal, saying those who brought the lawsuit didn’t have standing to sue the state over the law. While COVID-19 remains an “ever-present concern in society,” the court said, the general risks “are not enough to show ‘imminent and substantial’ harm for standing” since they are speculative.

The court also dismissed the claims saying they did not clearly establish a connection between Reynolds’ action – the law or its enforcement – and the alleged injury of enduring COVID-19 and its risks.
 

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CDC Reveals ‘Changing Threat’ of COVID-19
The CDC issued an update on the virus.

By Jack Phillips
2/27/2024

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced on Feb. 23 that hospitalizations and deaths from COVID-19 are overall on the decline in recent years despite some episodic episodes of elevated transmission.

“Severe outcomes from COVID-19 have substantially decreased since 2020 and 2021,” the agency said. Hospital admissions in the United States for COVID-19 have dropped by more than 60 percent from the peak in 2021, and have also decreased to just 900,000 hospitalizations in 2023—from 2.5 million in 2021.

“The decline in deaths associated with COVID-19 is even more dramatic than the drop in hospitalizations. In 2021, over 450,000 deaths among Americans were associated with COVID-19, while in 2023, that number fell to roughly 75,000,” it said.

The federal agency further noted that COVID-19 infections have stayed at a level similar to previous years, but the chance of being hospitalized has dropped.

“While other factors are involved, the increase in the percent of the population with COVID-19 antibodies indicates that rising population immunity is partially responsible for the decline in severity,” the agency said. “In January 2021, only 21 percent of people aged 16 years and older had COVID-19 antibodies.”

At the same time, the CDC said that hospitalization rates have dropped across all age groups. But it stressed that certain older adults, infants, pre-existing medical conditions still appear to have a higher risk of developing a severe case of COVID-19, adding that adults aged 65 and older accounted for 63 percent of hospitalizations and 88 percent of in-hospital deaths from the virus for the first half of 2023.

More than 90 percent of that group had “multiple pre-existing medical conditions,” and it also noted that infants aged six months and younger have higher rates of COVID-19 hospitalizations, the CDC said.

Despite the positive update, the CDC warned that the virus is a “public health threat” and again recommended everyone, including infants and pregnant women, to take one of the updated booster vaccines. It once again suggested that people wear masks and improve ventilation in closed areas.

On Feb. 16, the CDC said that the 2023–24 respiratory illness season appears to have peaked but stressed it is “far from over.” It noted that hospitalizations for COVID-19, influenza, and RSV have dropped in recent weeks.

“However, respiratory disease activity remains elevated, and some flu activity indicators have increased again,” according to the agency’s update. “Test positivity for flu rose nationally in late January and has leveled off since but continues to increase in parts of the country. Emergency department visits for flu have been going up in some areas of the county.”

Notably, the combined peak for hospitalizations associated with the three viruses “was not as high” as the previous season, adding that there were also “fewer reports of healthcare strain” for 2023 and 2024. Overall hospitalizations and deaths for the flu and COVID-19 were lower, too, it added.


Major COVID Study

This month, researchers from the Global Vaccine Data Network—an arm of the World Health Organization—looked at about a dozen medical conditions considered adverse events of special interest in a population study of 99 million people who were vaccinated.

“The size of the population in this study increased the possibility of identifying rare potential vaccine safety signals,” lead author Kristýna Faksová of the Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut in Denmark, said in a news release. “Single sites or regions are unlikely to have a large enough population to detect very rare signals,” she added.

Cases of a type of heart inflammation known as myocarditis were found in first, second, and third doses of the Pfizer mRNA shot, while the rate was higher in Moderna’s second shot, according to the research.

Pericarditis, which is inflammation of the pericardium, saw a 6.9-times higher risk in people who took AstraZeneca’s vaccine, while there was a 1.7-fold to 2.6-fold chance of developing the condition after taking Moderna’s first and fourth dose, respective, it found.

“This unparalleled scenario underscores the pressing need for comprehensive vaccine safety monitoring, as very rare adverse events associated with COVID-19 vaccines may only come to light after administration to millions of individuals,” the authors wrote.

They also found an increase in Guillain-Barré syndrome for those who received the AstraZeneca shot within a few weeks, and higher-than-anticipated cases of disseminated encephalomyelitis, a form of inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, among people who got the Moderna first vaccine dose.

“Moreover, overall risk–benefit evaluations of vaccination should take the risk associated with infection into account, as multiple studies demonstrated higher risk of developing the events under study, such as GBS, myocarditis, or ADEM, following SARS-CoV-2 infection than vaccination,” the authors concluded.
 

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Long COVID Doesn't Always Look Like You Think It Does
Jamie Ducharme - TIME
Tue, February 27, 2024, 12:58 PM EST

In the spring of 2023, after her third case of COVID-19, Jennifer Robertson started to feel strange. Her heart raced all day long and she could barely sleep at night. She had dizzy spells. She felt pins and needles in her arm, she says, a “buzzing feeling” in her foot, and pain in her legs and lymph nodes. She broke out in a rash. She smelled “phantom” cigarette smoke, even when none was in the air.

Robertson, 48, had a feeling COVID-19 might have somehow been the trigger. She knew about Long COVID, the name for chronic symptoms following an infection, because her 11-year-old son has it. But “he didn’t have anything like this,” she says. “His set of symptoms are totally different,” involving spiking fevers and vocal and motor tics. Her own experience was so different from her son's, it was hard to believe the same condition could be to blame. “I just thought, ‘It’s really coincidental that I never got well, and now I’m getting worse,’” she says.

She saw a doctor in Cyprus, where her family was living at the time, and then in Saudi Arabia, where her husband was working. Neither visit yielded much. Then, after Robertson's family moved to Scotland in the summer of 2023, a specialist there diagnosed with Long COVID. She is still sick—and a reinfection late last year set her back—but she has found some relief in treatments prescribed by her doctors, including heart medication and antihistamines.

Robertson’s story highlights the many challenges of detecting, diagnosing, and treating Long COVID. It affects people from all walks of life and produces a vast array of symptoms that can range in severity from mild to life-altering. And because there are so many forms Long COVID can take, it can be difficult for patients and doctors to know what’s going on.

That means many people aren’t getting diagnosed or treated, says Nisreen Alwan, a professor of public health at the U.K.’s University of Southampton who studies Long COVID (and has had the condition herself). Alwan’s research suggests there is “considerable self-doubt” among Long COVID patients, with many people questioning if they should get medical care or have the condition at all. That may be in part because media coverage tends to showcase a specific type of patient—someone who is very sick, potentially to the point of being bed-bound, and battling extreme fatigue and brain fog—so people with milder or more unusual symptoms aren’t sure whether their illness counts as Long COVID, Alwan says.

It’s hard to blame people for being confused. Long COVID is so broadly defined that virtually any unexplained health issue that comes after a case of COVID-19 and lasts at least a couple months could fit the bill. More than 200 symptoms have been linked to Long COVID—everything from insomnia and hallucinations to tremors and gastrointestinal issues—and they often look very different from those of an acute COVID-19 case. Further complicating matters, some people feel better for weeks or months after their initial infection before their health deteriorates.

Research suggests certain symptoms are particularly telltale signs of Long COVID, including fatigue, energy crashes after physical or mental exertion, brain fog, chronic cough, and changes to smell and taste. (These symptoms are also among those the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says are most common.) But there’s no universal experience of Long COVID, says Dr. Leora Horwitz, a professor at the NYU Grossman School of Medicine who researches the condition through the federal RECOVER Initiative. “Undoubtedly, there are [patients] who have maybe only one of these symptoms, or maybe a totally different symptom,” Horwitz says.

Symptom severity can vary widely, too. Some people are disabled due to Long COVID, while others live fairly normal lives—at least outwardly. Some people’s symptoms also wax and wane, varying from day to day or going dormant for a while before coming back.

Research suggests about a quarter of the millions of U.S. adults with Long COVID report “significant activity limitations” that affect their ability to work, take care of their families, or carry out other day-to-day tasks. But many people have problems that don't quite meet that bar, according to a 2023 study that identified four levels of Long COVID: “a few lingering issues,” “significant physical symptoms,” “ongoing mental and cognitive struggles,” and “numerous compounding challenges.” In a group of about 600 Long COVID patients, more than 100 fell into each category, which shows the diversity of Long COVID experiences, says study co-author Keri Vartanian, who leads the Center for Outcomes Research and Education at the multi-state Providence health system.

It’s important for both patients and clinicians to know that Long COVID can take so many different forms, Vartanian says, because recognition is the first step to diagnosis and treatment. Lots of people suffer from many disparate health problems, but it "might not be a multitude of symptoms that somebody is experiencing,” Vartanian says. “It might be one or two things. It might be mental health and only mental health.”

Even if someone is properly diagnosed, of course, there’s no promise that they’ll completely recover—as of now, there’s no cure for Long COVID. Even so, some post-COVID complications, such as damage to a specific organ, can be effectively treated, says Dr. Stanley Martin, an infectious disease doctor who treats Long COVID patients at Geisinger Medical Center in Pennsylvania. Some symptoms that can’t be cured can also be managed to improve overall well-being, he says. (And if someone’s symptoms turn out to be related to something other than Long COVID, that’s worth knowing, too.)

“This isn’t like strep throat, where I’m going to give you a week of penicillin and you’re going to be a new person,” Martin says. “This is going to happen over months and months and months, but we expect and hope to see gradual progress.”

At the very least, receiving a Long COVID diagnosis can provide mental relief. That was the case for Lisa Vargas, a 51-year-old in Washington State who developed Long COVID in 2022. At first, she was so confused and scared by her symptoms—including extreme nausea after eating, stomach pain, excessive mucus production, fatigue, and brain fog—that she hesitated to even tell her family. At times, she wondered if she had dementia.

After being repeatedly dismissed by her primary care doctor, she finally saw a physician who referred her to a Long COVID clinic in Oregon. She's now gotten some treatments that help, at least temporarily—but just as importantly, Vargas says, she no longer feels isolated by her disease.

"Even when you feel like you're the most alone because you have the most weird, obscure thing going on," she says, "I guarantee someone else has it."
Those symptoms of the first gal mentioned? I had all of those exact, strange symptoms with Covid !
 

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COVID-19 Increases Risk Of Heart Tumors Including Cardiac Myxomas And Myxofibrosarcomas
Nikhil Prasad Fact checked by:Thailand Medical News Team
Feb 27, 2024

As the world continues to grapple with the multifaceted impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, emerging research is shedding light on the potential long-term consequences of the viral infection. Among the myriad health complications associated with severe COVID-19, cardiovascular issues have emerged as a significant concern. Recent studies have implicated the virus in a range of cardiac abnormalities, from arrhythmias to myocardial damage. However, a groundbreaking study covered in this COVID-19 News report, conducted by the Almazov National Medical Research Centre in St. Petersburg, Russia, in collaboration with I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University and the Institute of Immunology in Moscow, delves deeper into a previously unexplored territory: the link between COVID-19 and an elevated risk of cardiac tumors, particularly myxomas.


COVID-19-News-COVID-19-Increases-Risk-Of-Heart-Tumors-Including-Cardiac-Myxomas-And-Myxofibrosarcomas.jpg

COVID-19 Increases Risk Of Heart Tumors Including Cardiac Myxomas And Myxofibrosarcomas
(A) Proliferating myxoma of the heart; H&E, ×200. (B) Chondrosarcoma of the left atrium. (C) Intramural growth of chondrosarcoma in the left atrium; H&E, ×100.



Methodology and Study Overview
The research aimed to comprehensively assess the risk of heart tumor development in individuals who had contracted COVID-19. Spanning from 2016 to 2023, the study conducted a comparative analysis of 173 heart tumors, with a specific focus on immunohistochemical examination. Notably, the study included a control group of myxomas operated before 2020, allowing for a robust comparison. Immunohistochemical analysis with antibodies against spike SARS-CoV-2 was performed on 21 heart tumors, providing crucial insights into the potential association between COVID-19 and cardiac neoplasms.


Key Findings
-Increase in Heart Tumors Post-Pandemic

The study revealed a concerning trend of a 1.5-fold increase in the number of heart tumors by 2023, compared to the years preceding the COVID-19 pandemic. This rise in cardiac neoplasms, particularly myxomas, raises questions about the potential influence of the viral infection on oncogenic processes within the cardiovascular system.

-Immunohistochemical Examination: A key aspect of the study involved immunohistochemical examination of heart tumor samples, specifically focusing on the expression of spike SARS-CoV-2. The researchers analyzed 21 heart tumors, including a control group of myxomas operated before 2020, to investigate the presence of the viral antigen within cardiac tissues.

-Expression of SARS-CoV-2 in Tumor Cells and Endothelial Cells: The immunohistochemical analysis revealed the expression of spike SARS-CoV-2 in tumor cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages in the majority of heart tumor samples examined. This finding suggests a potential a ssociation between viral persistence and the development of cardiac neoplasms, particularly myxomas.

-Emergence of Rare Cardiac Sarcomas: Additionally, the study highlighted the emergence of rare cardiac sarcomas, such as myxofibrosarcomas, which are uncommon in the context of heart tumors. This observation underscores the complexity of the relationship between COVID-19 and oncogenesis within the cardiovascular system, warranting further investigation into the underlying mechanisms.

-Endothelial Dysfunction and Tumor Development: The study's findings suggest a potential role of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of cardiac tumors post-COVID-19. Endothelial cell dysfunction, a characteristic complication of COVID-19, may contribute to the development of atypical cells and subsequent tumor formation within the heart.

-Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in Cardiac Tissues:
Importantly, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein in tumor cells, macrophages, and vascular endothelial cells underscores the persistence of the virus within cardiac tissues. This prolonged viral presence may create an oncogenic environment conducive to the development of cardiac neoplasms.



Understanding the Cardiovascular Impact of COVID-19

Amid the evolving landscape of COVID-19 research, mounting evidence suggests that the virus poses significant risks to cardiovascular health beyond the acute phase of infection. Patients recovering from severe COVID-19 have been observed to experience a range of cardiovascular complications, including heart rhythm disturbances, myocarditis, pericarditis, blood clots, strokes, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. These findings underscore the intricate interplay between viral infections and cardiovascular health, prompting further exploration into the underlying mechanisms.


The Interplay between COVID-19 and Cancer Risk
In addition to cardiovascular complications, there is growing concern regarding the potential long-term cancer risk associated with COVID-19. Studies have highlighted the virus's ability to influence cancer-related pathways, induce inflammation, and cause tissue damage, raising questions about its potential role in oncogenesis. A Mendelian randomization study conducted in the European population revealed an increased risk of specific cancers in individuals with a genetic predisposition to severe coronavirus infection. Against this backdrop, the study under discussion seeks to assess the risk of heart tumors in COVID-19 patients, offering novel insights into the virus's impact on cancer development.


Discussion on Immunological and Molecular Mechanisms
The study delves into the complex immunological and molecular mechanisms underlying the observed increase in heart tumors post-COVID-19. Cytokines, T-cell depletion, and alterations in host metabolism are among the factors explored, highlighting their potential contribution to oncogenic pathways. Moreover, the study suggests a connection between SARS-CoV-2 and cellular transformation, with specific viral proteins implicated in the degradation of tumor suppressor proteins. These findings underscore the need for a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving the observed increase in cardiac tumors among COVID-19 patients.


Examining Endothelial Dysfunction and Tumor Development

Of particular interest is the study's focus on endothelial dysfunction and its potential role in tumor development post-COVID-19. The research highlights a clear increase in the number of myxomas and myxofibrosarcomas, both rare cardiac tumors, following the pandemic. Immunohistochemical studies reveal the expression of SARS-CoV-2 in tumor cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages, suggesting a potential association between viral persistence and endothelial dysfunction. These findings shed light on the intricate interplay between viral infections, endothelial health, and tumor development, underscoring the need for further investigation into this complex relationship.


Implications for Future Research and Clinical Practice

The study's findings have significant implications for future research and clinical practice in the field of cardiology and oncology. As our understanding of COVID-19 continues to evolve, it becomes increasingly important to explore the potential long-term consequences of the viral infection on cardiovascular health and cancer risk. Moreover, the study highlights the need for heightened vigilance among clinicians in diagnosing cardiovascular issues in COVID-19 patients, considering the potential overlap of symptoms with post-acute sequelae. Moving forward, further research is warranted to elucidate the shared molecular pathways between COVID-19 and tumor development, providing valuable insights for clinical management and public health strategies.


Conclusion

In conclusion, the study findings offer valuable insights into the potential link between COVID-19 and an increased risk of cardiac tumors. The findings, indicating a rise in heart tumors, particularly myxomas, following the pandemic, underscore the need for further research into the long-term consequences of COVID-19 on cardiovascular health and cancer risk. As our understanding of the virus continues to evolve, it becomes imperative to explore the intricate connections between viral infections and oncogenic processes, paving the way for improved clinical management and public health interventions.

The study findings were published in the peer reviewed journal: Life.

 

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This is the news of today. Just reporting. How many boosters are we up to now? For a vaccine that doesn't stop you from getting or transmitting it? I think this makes 6 but I could be miscounting.




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Older US adults should get another COVID-19 shot, health officials recommend
By MIKE STOBBE
February 28, 2024


NEW YORK (AP) — Older U.S. adults should roll up their sleeves for another COVID-19 shot, even if they got a booster in the fall, U.S. health officials said Wednesday.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said Americans 65 and older should get another dose of the updated vaccine that became available in September — if at least four months has passed since their last shot. In making the recommendation, the agency endorsed guidance proposed by an expert advisory panel earlier in the day.

“Most COVID-19 deaths and hospitalizations last year were among people 65 years and older. An additional vaccine dose can provide added protection ... for those at highest risk,” CDC Director Dr. Mandy Cohen said in a statement.

The advisory panel’s decision came after a lengthy discussion about whether to say older people “may” get the shots or if they “should” do so. That reflects a debate among experts about how necessary another booster is and whether yet another recommendation would add to the public’s growing vaccine fatigue.

Some doctors say most older adults are adequately protected by the fall shot, which built on immunity derived from earlier vaccinations and exposure to the virus itself. And preliminary studies so far have shown no substantial waning in vaccine effectiveness over six months.

However, the body’s vaccine-induced defenses tend to fade over time, and that happens faster in seniors than in other adults. The committee had recommended COVID-19 booster doses for older adults in 2022 and 2023.

COVID-19 remains a danger, especially to older people and those with underlying medical conditions. There are still more than 20,000 hospitalizations and more than 2,000 deaths each week due to the coronavirus, according to the CDC. And people 65 and older have the highest hospitalization and death rates.

Some members of the advisory panel said a “should” recommendation is meant to more clearly prod doctors and pharmacists to offer the shots.

“Most people are coming in either wanting the vaccine or not,” said Dr. Jamie Loehr, a committee member and family doctor in Ithaca, New York. “I am trying to make it easier for providers to say, ‘Yes, we recommend this.’”

In September, the government recommended a new COVID-19 shot recipe built against a version of the coronavirus called XBB.1.5. That single-target vaccine replaced combination shots that had been targeting both the original coronavirus strain and a much earlier omicron version.

The CDC recommended the new shots for everyone 6 months and older, and allowed that people with weak immune systems could get a second dose as early as two months after the first.

Most Americans haven’t listened. According to the latest CDC data, 13% of U.S. children have gotten the shots and about 22% of U.S. adults have. The vaccination rate is higher for adults 65 and older, at nearly 42%.

“In each successive vaccine, the uptake has gone down,” said Dr. David Canaday, a Case Western Reserve University infectious diseases expert who studies COVID-19 in older people.

“People are tired of getting all these shots all the time,” said Canaday, who does not serve on the committee. “We have to be careful about over-recommending the vaccine.”

But there is a subset of Americans — those at higher danger of severe illness and death — who have been asking if another dose is permissible, said Dr. William Schaffner, a Vanderbilt University vaccines expert who serves on a committee workgroup that has been debating the booster question.

Indeed, CDC survey data suggests that group’s biggest worry about the vaccine is whether it’s effective enough.

Agency officials say that among those who got the latest version of the COVID-19 vaccine, 50% fewer will get sick after they come into contact with the virus compared with those who didn’t get the fall shot.
 

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‘Brain fog’ is one of Covid-19’s most daunting symptoms. A new study measures its impact
By Elizabeth Cooney
Feb. 28, 2024

Of all the lingering symptoms of long Covid, difficulty focusing and thinking, known as brain fog, may be the most frightening and baffling. A new study published Wednesday in the New England Journal of Medicine, which looks at how much cognition is impaired in the months after a coronavirus infection, shows that Covid-19’s impact can be measured in the equivalent of IQ points.

Researchers from Imperial College London found that even people who recovered from their Covid symptoms in four to 12 weeks had the equivalent of an IQ score three points lower than in uninfected people. Among those with long Covid — defined as symptoms lasting more than 12 weeks after testing positive — the drop was six IQ points. For people whose disease was severe enough to require hospital care, the deficit deepened to nine points.

People whose persistent symptoms had resolved by the time they took the test performed about as well as people who’d had symptoms that didn’t last very long.

“What our study shows is that brain fog can correlate with objectively measurable deficits in a person’s actual memory and executive task performance,” lead study author Adam Hampshire, professor of restorative neurosciences at Imperial College London, said Wednesday on a call with reporters.

The online tests, which entailed eight tasks, were not IQ exams, but the authors equated their results with more familiar IQ measures. They stressed that the differences they noticed in the observational study were modest and measured between groups at a single time point, not in individuals followed over time. Still, the lower test scores, even for people who have short-duration symptoms, were “a bit surprising to us,” Hampshire said. “The individuals themselves I don’t think would recognize that there’s any effect. It’s really just looking at these very large numbers and finding quite small differences.”

The study results came from more than 112,000 people in England who answered questionnaires about their infections and then took tests measuring such cognitive abilities as memory, reasoning, and planning. They are part of the much larger REACT research program, which is based on a random sample of people across England.

Testing took place when people were at different stages of their illness or recovery. People with unresolved persistent symptoms performed worse on the cognitive tests in terms of both speed and accuracy, particularly on memory and planning tasks. Those who’d been in hospital intensive care units had more and different weaknesses, such as in two-dimensional spatial processing, compared to others who’d had Covid.

“We don’t know what the clinical and cognitive long-term effects might be,” for people still living with long Covid, senior study author Paul Elliott, chair of epidemiology and public health medicine at Imperial College London, said at the press briefing. “And so following that cohort, we think, is very important in doing ongoing surveillance.”

For the current study, being vaccinated slightly narrowed gaps in cognitive performance between those who had Covid and the 40% of survey respondents who didn’t, while reinfection meant a “minimal” additional loss compared to single infections, Elliott said. People who caught the original SARS-CoV-2 strain and the Alpha strain of the virus fared worse than those infected by the Delta and Omicron variants later in the pandemic, a finding in line with other studies saying people whose Covid infections were more severe were more likely to have worse problems later.

The new study raises questions about what these IQ declines mean and if they’ll disappear, a companion editorial says. “What are the functional implications of a 3-point loss in IQ?” Ziyad Al-Aly of Washington University in St. Louis and Clifford Rosen of Tufts University School of Medicine ask. “Whether these cognitive deficits persist or resolve along with predictors and trajectory of recovery should be investigated.”

Hampshire said causation can’t be inferred directly from an observational study, and while differences are clear, the reasons for those differences aren’t.

“I was fully expecting that we would see some of these deficits in the hospitalized group. I was thinking we would likely see some cognitive deficits in people who had ongoing, long-term persistent symptoms,” Hampshire said. “I was not expecting that we would see even small cognitive differences in the shorter-duration symptom groups, and we just don’t know all the implications of that.”

While some issues remain unresolved, putting numbers to the problem is a crucial step on the way to developing any treatment, Steven Deeks, an infectious disease specialist at the University of California, San Francisco, told STAT.

“We need drug companies to get involved and make and design their own studies and fund their own studies, particularly Big Pharma,” said Deeks, who was not involved in the study. “Perhaps this paper will provide a road map to some endpoints that will make it easier to design a study, to power a study, to fund a study, to conduct a study, to interpret a study.”

Research on the mechanisms of long Covid is flourishing, said Deeks, who thinks the National Institutes of Health is making progress in its RECOVER initiative. But “where we’re making zero ground is in coming up with therapies.”

Elliott, who is also director of the REACT program, sees hopeful signs in the new study results. First, as the pandemic progressed from the original virus to Omicron, the association between symptoms and cognitive deficits weakened. Second, around a third of people with persistent cognitive symptoms saw them resolve.

“The important thing is that if they had persistent symptoms and then those symptoms resolved, they looked cognitively like the other people who’d had Covid, the short-duration people,” he said. “I think it’s encouraging that if once it resolves and you no longer report symptoms, then basically you look much more like everybody else who’d had Covid, rather than looking like the people who’ve still got ongoing symptoms.”
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
(fair use applies)


A potential flaw in operating room ventilation may increase risk of COVID-19 infection
by New York University
February 28, 2024

NYU Abu Dhabi (NYUAD) engineers studying ventilation systems in surgical operating theaters have found that traditional ventilation systems may inadvertently facilitate the circulation of aerosolized pathogen-carrying particles. As a result, this puts surgical teams at a higher risk of infection by COVID-19 and other airborne diseases.

The research appears in Life Journal.

Using basic engineering tools, including computational modeling and experimental procedures in operating theaters, the researchers identified shortcomings in traditional ventilation systems and suggested a flexible, new ventilation framework. Their findings bring awareness to limitations of current ventilation systems in surgical theaters, and would make a variety of surgical procedures safer for patients and clinical staff alike.

The transmission of airborne germs from patients to surgical teams is a major concern, heightened during the COVID-19 pandemic, when millions of elective surgeries worldwide were canceled or postponed because of safety concerns.

Ventilation systems are primarily designed to protect patients from airborne contamination and surgical site infection by pushing air away from the area around the operating table. However, this configuration circulates patient-released airborne particles—especially those produced through the use of powered surgical tools—within the room, exposing the surgical team to pathogens and potential infection.

The study, titled "Ventilation-Based Strategy to Manage Intraoperative Aerosol Viral Transmission in the Era of SARS-CoV-2," began during the pandemic to determine the efficiency of ventilation systems in operating theaters where a COVID-19-positive patient was being treated.

Working alongside surgeons from Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, the NYUAD research team, led by Mohammad Qasaimeh, director of the University's Advanced Microfluidics and Microdevices Laboratory (AMMLab), used experimental and computation engineering tools to study airflow in active operating theaters.

The researchers found that traditional operating room ventilation systems tend to spread germs around, especially toward the perimeter of the operating theater. This puts the supporting surgical staff at a higher risk, contradicting the common practice of moving them away from the patient towards the operating room walls.

Through a combination of numerical modeling and basic experimental validation, the researchers, along with the surgeons, identified key parameters influencing airflow patterns and particle circulation in different operating theater configurations. They present a new, simple design for O.R. ventilation systems that can adapt to different situations during surgeries, such as when there is "surgical smoke" during an operation.

"Our research holds significant implications and awareness for health care safety protocols, promising to revolutionize operating room practices and reduce the risk of airborne transmission in high-risk environments," said Qasaimeh. "By improving airflow, we present simple solutions for safer surgeries and better outcomes, equipping our health care system to more effectively handle future outbreaks."

Led by Qasaimeh, the study was performed by NYUAD researchers Ayoola Brimmo and Ayoub Glia, and in collaboration with several surgeons from CCAD including Juan S. Barajas-Gamboa, Carlos Abril, and Matthew Kroh.

More information: Ventilation-Based Strategy to Manage Intraoperative Aerosol Viral Transmission in the Era of SARS-CoV-2, Life Journal (2024).
Provided by New York University
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
(fair use applies)


On the Ohio State study showing vaccinated Covid patients had a HIGHER risk of death than the unvaccinated
It's just one hospital, just one paper. Except it's not.

Alex Berenson
Feb 27, 2024

This is the paper I planned to write about yesterday before I took my trip down Misreading Article Lane.

I’m revisiting my embarrassment, because it’s so important.

On Feb. 6, Ohio State University researchers published a stunning finding - stunning to anyone overwhelmed by mainstream media mRNA propaganda since 2021, anyway. Vaccinated Covid patients hospitalized with respiratory failure were more likely to die than the unjabbed. 70 percent died, compared to 37 percent.

The gap persisted when the researchers matched patients by age and comorbidities. “Vaccination status of hospital-admitted COVID-19 patients may not be instructive in determining mortality risk,” they wrote.

In their report, published in Frontiers in Immunology, a peer-reviewed journal, the Ohio State researchers also reported vaccinated patients tended to have higher IgG4 antibody levels during their third week of hospitalization.

That finding is notable, since papers last year showed that mRNA jab recipients eventually develop higher levels of IgG4 antibodies - which promote immune systems tolerance of pathogens like viruses rather than a full-on attack.

“In our study, the observed trend for increased total IgG4 concentration in week 3 for [vaccinated] patients may explain the reduced protective [antibody] responses,” the scientists wrote.

The Ohio State paper covered only a single hospital and 152 patients.

But other studies have also found vaccinated Covid patients do not have a survival advantage once they are hospitalized.

As early as November 2021, Spanish researchers published a paper in the European Respiratory Journal showing fully vaccinated patients had slightly higher death rates than a matched group of unvaccinated patients, though the trend did not reach statistical significance.

(34.6 percent is more than 28.6 percent, right? Yay! No correction tonight)


SOURCE


And in January 2023 paper, Italian physicians reported that in fall 2021, vaccinated patients admitted to intermediate care units in their hospital were more than twice as likely to die as unvaccinated patients - 62 percent versus 29 percent.

As with the Ohio State paper, the vaccinated patients had higher comorbidities than the unvaccinated. But even after the doctors accounted for that difference, they found vaccinated patients were at higher risk, though the trend did not reach statistical significance.

“In the severe disease stage few factors, including vaccines, influence outcome,” they wrote. “Once severe SARS-CoV-2 illness develops, mortality is definitely high in both unvaccinated and vaccinated.”

One reason the single-hospital papers show worse vaccine outcomes than bigger data sets from public health bureaucrats is that the physicians who write them typically - and correctly - identify Covid patients who received only one shot as vaccinated.

In the agglomerated papers, those patients are categorized as unvaccinated. That statistical trick makes the vaccines look better. But it does nothing to help the patients who have received them.

Still, in a larger study, a 2022 paper from Centers for Disease Control researchers also found that vaccinations did not lower the risk of severe disease or death in Covid-hospitalized patients - although the researchers did not break out deaths separately.

The papers run contrary to what vaccine advocates have said for three years. During the great mRNA push in summer and fall 2021, the media and doctors insisted vaccinated people fared far better than the unjabbed even after they were hospitalized.

In July 2021, for example, the Associated Press offered this false assurance:

Federal health officials say even when breakthrough infections occur, they tend to be mild — the vaccines so far remain strongly protective against serious illness.

Three months later, in October 2021, NPR gave listeners this sweet-sounding fiction:
[Dr. Hyung] Chun says those who are vaccinated generally tend to do better once they are in the hospital, compared to those who aren't vaccinated.
"Even if you were hospitalized [with a breakthrough infection], the trend we've been observing is that you will likely be far less sick in terms of needing things like supplementary oxygen or mechanical ventilation, or even your risk of death," says Chun, an associate professor of cardiology at the Yale School of Medicine.
Since the start of 2022, doctors have been more cautious about promising vaccinated people will walk out of the hospital quickly even if they get Covid - probably because the truth they see is too obvious for them to deny.

Yet the broad claim that mRNA jabs save lives even if they do not stop infection has become even more central to the vaccine sales pitch over the same period.

The reason is obvious: the failure of fall 2021’s boosters forced even the craziest jab fanatics to admit the mRNAs would never produce durable immunity against Covid.

Much less provide herd immunity.

Much less control or eliminate Sars-Cov-2.


(That sad fact was clear to some of us even earlier. Please note date, sahib.)


As a result, the only non-laughable promise vaccine advocates could make was that the shots would reduce the severity of infections.

This theory had one great virtue: unlike all the others, it was unfalsifiable, at least to any single vaccinated person.

Get jabbed, get Covid and get really sick? Such bad luck, it happens. Get that booster and walk away with a mild case? The vaccines, a miracle!

So do the mRNA shots provide any benefit against Covid at this point? (Forget their side effects.)

More than three years after mass vaccinations began, huge datasets prove they do not reduce infections in any meaningful way. The original two-shot regimen targeted a strain of Sars-Cov-2 that no longer exists. If boosters targeted at Omicron increase immunity, their added protection begins waning within weeks.

Meanwhile, the hospital outcome reports suggest the shots offer little if any protection to people whose infections progress until they need hospital admission.

So if the vaccines have value, it must be in the days after someone contracts Covid but before he gets really sick.

Is there a biologically possible reason they might offer that protection?

Yes.

Although the mRNAs were designed mainly to stimulate B-cells and antibody production, they also produce some T-cell response. Immunologists call that secondary response “cellular” immunity, as opposed to the “humoral” (blood) immunity of antibodies.

The T-cell response lasts longer than the antibody production - in part because T-cells tend to focus their attack on parts of the coronavirus that mutate more slowly than antibodies do. Further, T-cells are typically most important in the middle and late stages of infection - once the coronavirus takes hold and begins to reproduce in force in lung cells.

Still, a naturally infected person should also mount a T-cell attack within days. The point of the mRNAs was supposed to be that they would stop any initial infection from progressing, thanks to their overwhelming antibody response.

As I wrote yesterday, for a few months in 2021 after mass vaccinations began, the mRNAs did seem to work as advertised:

In the “happy vaccine valley” of spring and summer 2021, the mRNA jabs worked against Covid infection and Covid deaths also plunged.

But despite what the vaccine fanatics have claimed ever since, those halcyon months do not and cannot prove the shots prevent severe disease independent of their ability to stop infection.

They prove the opposite - if you don’t
get Covid, you cannot die from it.

But as these new papers show, if you do, you can.

Vaccinated or not.


Notwithstanding my mistake yesterday, every word in those bolded sentences was true.

So what are vaccine advocates really claiming at this point?

They’re claiming that even though the mRNAs don’t work as they were designed to, they somehow drive a T-cell response in the weakest, oldest people (the most vulnerable to Covid) that offers a meaningful advantage over the response those people will produce in response to actual infection.

Further, they’re claiming that although the benefits of that response are invisible once vaccinees are hospitalized, they’re meaningful earlier.

Is that theory possible?

Anything’s possible.

It’s also possible that the mRNAs have not offered any protection against Covid at any stage of infection since early 2022, at the latest.

In that case, the big studies showing they do are artifacts of healthy vaccinee bias - the fact that people who get jabbed are provably healthier than those who do not.

The former story suggests the mRNAs, though flawed, remain helpful.

The latter suggests they have been effectively useless at least since late 2021 - all side effects and no upside, at a cost of tens of billions of dollars.

No points for guessing which story the people who’ve been desperately promoting the vaccines since the first shots went in arms in December 2020 would rather tell you.
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
(fair use applies)


Do the COVID-19 Vaccines Protect Against Severe Disease and Death?
By Robert Rennebohm
February 28, 2024

The promoters of the COVID-19 vaccines repeatedly state that “the COVID-19 vaccines protect against severe disease and death” and, thereby, “have saved millions of lives”—-“so get vaccinated,” particularly if you are vulnerable. Many people, including physicians, have viewed this statement as a compelling argument for past and ongoing (booster) COVID-19 vaccination.

However, as Dr. Geert Vanden Bossche has more scientifically and accurately explained in his deep analysis of the complex interplay between the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the immune system, and the COVID-19 vaccines1 (a brilliant and critically important analysis, in my opinion), it is not the COVID-19 vaccines that have provided this protection, it is three main immune system adjustments to the vaccine’s failures that have provided this protection—-namely, the immune system’s production of PNNAbs (Polyreactive Non-Neutralizing Antibodies) and SIR-created antibodies (antibodies created via the Steric Immune Refocusing phenomenon) and the immune system’s heroic activation of CTLs (Cytolytic T Lymphocytes).1-9

The public and physicians need and deserve to know that, according to Dr. Vanden Bossche’s analysis, when the immune system recognized that the vaccinal NAbs (Neutralizing Antibodies directly induced by the vaccine) were failing (due to predictable natural selection and dominant propagation of variants with mutations that rendered them resistant to vaccinal NAbs) and recognized that the vaccines had sidelined the CBIIS (Cell-Based Innate Immune System) of vaccinees, the immune system came to the rescue of vaccinees with the three above-mentioned immune adjustments, and it was these adjustments, not the vaccine, that has protected vaccinees against severe disease and death.

Some might argue that the above is “just semantics.” But I strongly disagree. This is an important distinction, scientifically and socially. According to Dr. Vanden Bossche’s careful and insightful analysis, the immune system, not the vaccines, deserves the credit for protecting vaccinees against severe disease and death. Failure to recognize this distinction gives the false impression that the mass vaccination campaign, on balance, has been helpful and has saved lives, when the opposite has been true.1-12 The mass vaccination campaign has put lives at great risk, which is why the immune system has needed to make the three adjustments in order to protect vaccinees from the harm done by the misguided mass vaccination campaign.1, 2, 5, 7, 9

Unfortunately, the mass vaccination campaign has prolonged the pandemic and made it far more dangerous.1-9 This campaign is responsible for the vast array of new, increasingly infectious “immune escape” variants, including a highly likely upcoming variant that will be extremely virulent when contracted by highly vaccinated individuals.1-9 Cumulatively, more lives will be lost because of the mass vaccination campaign than would have been cumulatively lost had the COVID-19 vaccines never been used.1, 2, 10, 11 Furthermore, it is essential to realize that the three immune adjustments are unstable, unsustainable, ultimately unhealthy, and will soon fail.1-9

Early in the pandemic, promoters of the COVID-19 vaccines showed great arrogance and revealed a simplistic and incorrect understanding of immunology when they claimed that their vaccines provided better immunity against COVID-19 than did naturally-acquired immunity (immunity acquired through natural SARS-CoV-2 infection).12 This claim was misleading, harmful, and represented an insult to the immune system and to science. Now they are compounding their mistakes by arrogantly and incorrectly claiming that their vaccines have been heroically protecting vaccinees against severe disease and death. This, again, is a highly misleading and harmful message and represents an insult to the immune system and science.

It is important to be scientifically accurate and give proper credit to the immune system, lest the promoters of the COVID-19 mass vaccination campaign continue to get away with their simplistic and scientifically inaccurate claim that “the vaccines protect against severe disease and death.” This is not simply a matter of semantics. It is a matter of basing public health policy on an accurate and deep understanding of the interplay between the virus, the immune system, and vaccines.1, 2, 5-9, 13, 14

So, do the COVID-19 vaccines result in protection against severe disease and death? Directly, no. Indirectly, yes, but only temporarily, in a harmful way, with an unacceptable and regrettable price to pay in both the short and long terms, both individually and at the population level. More accurately and scientifically stated, it is the immune system, not the vaccines, that have been protecting vaccinees, temporarily. The immune system has been quietly, humbly, and temporarily protecting vaccinees from the immediate regrettable consequences of mass COVID-19 vaccination. This has given the false impression that the vaccines deserve credit for providing protection against severe disease and death and will continue to do so, if people get sufficiently boosted. But this protective effort by the immune system is unsustainable, unstable, harmful (at both an individual and population level), and will inevitably fail, because of laws of Nature. When a highly virulent variant appears, the wisdom of Dr. Vanden Bossche’s analysis and warnings will become clear.


FOOTNOTES AND FURTHER READING:

The articles listed below (except for 10 and 11) are posted in the “Notes on COVID-19” section of Dr. Rennebohm’s website: www.notesfromthesocialclinic.org

1 Dr. Vanden Bossche’s Analysis of the COVID-19 Situation---in a Nutshell

2 A Brief Summary of the COVID-19 Pandemic

3 An Armed Forces Analogy: The Immunologic Consequences of the COVID-19 Mass Vaccination Campaign

4 The General’s Memos—Simplified

5 Respecting the Immune Ecosystem---Slide-by-Slide Written Transcript.
(Also, the actual power point presentation may be found by going to the Table of Contents, “Notes on COVID-19” section of the “Notes From the Social Clinic” website.)

6 An Open Letter to Physicians and Physician Organizations
Home - Notes From the Social Clinic /an-open-letter-to-physicians-and-physician-organizations/

7 How Has the COVID-19 Mass Vaccination Campaign Made the Natural Selection and Rapid Propagation of a HIGHLY Virulent Variant Highly Likely?

8 In Anticipation of a Highly Virulent SARS-CoV-2 Variant: An ADDENDUM
Home - Notes From the Social Clinic /in-anticipation-of-a-highly-virulent-sars-cov-2-variant-an-addendum/

9 Video-Discussion: Clinical Implications of Geert’s Predictions

10 Mead MN, Seneff S, Wolfinger R, Rose J, Denhaerynck K, Kirsch S, McCullough PA. COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: Lessons Learned from the Registrational Trials and Global Vaccination Campaign. Cureus. 2024 Jan 24;16(1):e52876. doi: 10.7759/cureus.52876. PMID: 38274635; PMCID: PMC10810638.
COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: Lessons Learned from the Registrational Trials and Global Vaccination Campaign - PubMed (With 293 references.)

11 Rancourt D, Baudin M, Mercier J. COVID-19 Vaccine-associated Mortality in the Southern Hemisphere:

12 Rennebohm RM. An Open Letter to Parents and Pediatricians Regarding COVID Vaccination---Part I (Posted in March 2022, with 1078 references).

13 Eight Fundamental Principles of Science and Medicine

14 THE ROOT CAUSE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND ITS MISMANAGEMENT
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
(fair use applies)


SARS2 vaccination is encouraging steadily more virulent new Omicron variants to evolve
Radagast
February 28, 2024

When you vaccinate people against a virus they’re subsequently going to get infected by twice a year or more, then you want the induced immune response to be suitable for the long term. Everything suggests however, that the SARS2 vaccines induce an immune response that is not suitable for the long term. This is not just problematic for the people who received these vaccines, it is problematic because it is encouraging the evolution of more virulent SARS2 variants, as I will demonstrate in this post.

This is an important post, where I will explain three important points in successive order:
  1. Vaccination has induced an inappropriate immune response to SARS2, that damages the body. Experts who observe this inappropriate immune response in patients are now openly calling in the scientific literature for an end to the use of these vaccines.
  2. The inappropriate immune response has started encouraging the evolution of successively more virulent variants of SARS2, ever since the first Omicron variants emerged. This is in contrast to the natural immune response, which selects against virulence.
  3. We can identify the molecular changes that will encourage a dramatic increase in virulence. These are mutations that would normally fail to spread themselves, but are now starting to be selected because of very strong antibody pressure on a specific region of the Spike protein and likely facilitated by the unique new insertion mutation seen in BA.2.86.

The immune system has various tools in its repertoire, with which to deal with an infection. When the immune response to a pathogen is overly aggressive, this can be deadly or result in excessive damage to the body.

An important principle to understand, is that your cells are not just passive victims upon infection by a virus like SARS2. These cells can be instructed by various signaling molecules to remove viral material that has infected them, or they can use specialized receptors, to figure out on their own they have been infected. Upon instruction by immune cells, OAS1 can be activated, which degrades the RNA within a cell. RIG-1 receptors and similar genes like MDA5 are also meant to recognize viral RNA. Cells get better at using these pathways, after they’ve been encouraged to use them before.

As I have explained before, the innate immune system is instrumental in encouraging the cells to deal with viral material that has infected them. It secretes interferons, which directly interfere in the viral replication and assembly process, but also alert a cell that it needs to make sure it’s not infected itself. Dealing with the problem on its own, allows a cell to avoid the fate of being destroyed by the immune system.

This matters, because we’re dealing with a virus that is continually reinfecting most of the population, multiple times a year. We can see that people are suffering an accelerated decline in their lung function, that continues between 6 and 24 months after suffering a SARS2 infection. If those people then die five years later of COPD, we won’t count them as SARS2 deaths.

And please remember: We gave these vaccines to people of all ages. The response the immune system developed against SARS2 after vaccination, will be continually recalled, for decades to come.

Note also, another problem I have remarked upon before: A steady increase in Dutch people going to their doctor, complaining of a persistent cough:



This problem appears to be getting worse, as the years go by.

And so you’ll have to forgive me, when I insist on delving into the esoteric details of the consequences of this global experiment. When you get this wrong, which they did, the result can be a catastrophe.

I have explained many of the different problems we see, most notoriously the persisting IgG4 response seen in people who received at least 2mRNA vaccines before ever being naturally infected. But this is far from the only problem we’re dealing with.

An important finding you’ll encounter in the literature, is that the T cells induced by vaccination generally don’t secrete interferon Gamma. Interferon Gamma is highly effective against SARS2, it’s one of the main toolkits your immune cells have developed against viruses and importantly, it allows your infected cells to get rid of a viral infection themselves, without having to be removed by your immune cells.

Over time, with successive infections, you would have more and more cells in your lung environment, that have gone through an infection and know how to deal with it. this doesn’t happen, if your T cells fail to secrete interferon Gamma and your immune system depends instead on simply killing the affected cells.

And look what the literature teaches us:
In the present study, we also analyzed certain aspects of the cellular immune response in the three different cohorts described above. This included for one part the IFN-γ secretory response of pan T cells specific for an array of wild type SARS-CoV-2 spike peptides. No significant correlations were found between IFN-γ secretion and neutralization capacities, neither against wild type SARS-CoV-2 nor against the Omicron or Delta variants. Nevertheless, overall IFN-γ secretion significantly increased after booster vaccination with BNT162b2 (Supplementary Figure 3A) and showed a significant correlation with anti-spike IgG titers (Supplementary Figure 3B). Comparison of the three different cohorts demonstrated that no one in the COVID-19-naïve cohort was able to mount a strong IFN-γ response above 4×103 mIU/ml before their third vaccination, while after vaccination a low, but significant 18% of individuals reached such levels (Figure 5A). In contrast, in the COVID-19-convalescent cohorts the percentages of individuals with strong IFN-γ response (> 4×103 mIU/ml) before third vaccination ranged between 31 and 42%, and reached between 50 and 62% after third vaccination (Figure 5A).

With this graph:



You can see in the graph above, that there’s a whole demographic of people who were vaccinated before infection, with Interferon Gamma stuck at a flat 1. This study also found the same result.

We have somewhat of a clue, as to why the T cells are not releasing Interferon Gamma: Antibodies. Interferon Gamma secretion by T cells is more pronounced in people without antibodies against Spike.

When antibodies are stuck close together on a particular immunogenic protein, complement can bind to those antibodies. This is something I have explained before.

Look at this graph:



You can see here that antibodies after vaccination are targeted at specific regions. Because those antibodies are stuck close together on a protein, complement can bind. Hence we see that complement activation is much stronger after vaccination.

Complement does multiple things. One of the things it does is instruct the innate immune system to destroy a cell. This sounds nice, but isn’t, as it has the ability to be highly damaging to host tissues. There is a state of constant abnormal activation of the adaptive arm of the immune response, in the form of high levels of antibodies that react with every variant of SARS2 circulating in the population.

The outcome you’re effectively dealing with as a result, is that this adaptive immune response is constantly forcing the innate immune system to proceed with killing infected cells, instead of these infected cells receiving an opportunity to solve the problem by removing viral RNA for themselves, learning in the process how to effectively protect themselves from future encounters with the virus.

The other problem of course, is that this type of response is not fast. Waiting for antibodies to bind to SARS2 peptides expressed by a cell, waiting for complement to bind to those antibodies, waiting for complement to trigger a response that destroys the cell membrane, or attracts macrophages and neutrophils to kill the cell, all of this takes time. If those antibodies are IgG4 antibodies, they first need to rise to very high concentrations, for complement to bind.

As always, I’m all in favor of people just reading what I am explaining here and trying to falsify it. Complement is mostly meant for things like destroying toxins, venom and bacteria, harmful agents that breach your natural immune barriers to enter your body and have long stretches of amino acids where they look very different from your own cells.

Antibodies can bind there close to each other and then your immune system can deal with the problem, by binding complement to those antibodies. I have seen nothing to suggest that you would normally deploy complement against a respiratory virus that shows up in your lungs, but feel free to show me an example if you can.

Importantly, complement doesn’t bind to IgA antibodies, only to IgM and IgG. IgA is found in your mucous membranes covering your respiratory tract. But vaccinating people, means IgG starts to compete with IgA and increasingly takes over its job from it. This is why the difference in complement activity is probably even higher in the mucous membranes, than in blood.

And that helps explain why you see this:



And equally important, why we gradually see more and more persistent infections emerge in the population:

We identified 381 persistent infections with sequences spanning at least 26 days (11 Alpha, 106 Delta, 97 BA.1 and 167 BA.2). The relatively low number of persistent infections that we identified for Alpha is probably because fewer individuals were infected with Alpha than the other major lineages, but also because a smaller proportion of positive samples with Ct ≤ 30 were sequenced before December 2020, which captures the beginning of the Alpha wave, than after this date (see supplementary figure S1 in ref. 22). Of all the persistent infections that we identified, 54 spanned at least 56 days (3 Alpha, 13 Delta, 15 BA.1 and 23 BA.2).
It’s not just that the number of infections is increasing. As I explained long ago, infections will increasingly become chronic, as the virus evolves to persist and the immune response is increasingly mismatched.

If you understand all of this, you also understand why the constant recall of the antibody response is so nasty. Everytime the antibodies are recalled, the adaptive arm of the immune system tells the innate arm to kill the infected cells, rather than infected cells receiving an opportunity to fix the problem themselves and learn in the process.

Why are people’s lungs degrading at an accelerated pace? Well, their immune systems are constantly deploying an adaptive immune response against a virus, that is normally meant to deal with severe infections the innate immune system was unable to reign in on its own. Remember, the first waves of SARS2 failed to result in any detectable antibodies in at least half of those infected, thereby resulting in excessively high estimates of its deadliness, as far more people had already been exposed to it than people thought.

If you’ll forgive me for using a metaphor, imagine if every time people riot after a soccer contest, the police immediately start shooting, rather than first using their batons and resorting to tear gas if things escalate. Yes, the riots will stop, but it’s not a sustainable way of dealing with the problem.

We have an innate immune system for a reason, that picks the tools it picks for a reason. All of this would have been academic, if these vaccines had delivered what they were promised to do: Protection from infection. But they don’t achieve this and more importantly, don’t even turn their recipients into dead-end hosts.

So why isn’t anyone serious warning about any of this? Why do you have to find out about this stuff through an obscure Dutch blog? Well, more and more people are willing to speak out. I’m going to quote a study looking at antibody responses that was released a month ago:
Knowing that the mRNA vaccines do not prevent infections, the Omicron subvariants have been shown to be less pathogenic, and IgG4 levels have been associated with immunotolerance and numerous negative effects, the recommendations for the successive administration of booster vaccinations to people should be revised.
We’ve finally reached the “saying the quiet part out loud” stage. Millions of people have died by now. Millions more are brain-damaged, or disabled in other ways. The United States has 2.7 million more retired people since 2020 than expected, at least partly due to sickness.

I’ve told you many times now, that this IgG4 dominant response to Spike is a very bad thing.

Importantly, it selects for variants of SARS2 that are more fusogenic, because these antibodies generally fail to instruct the immune system to destroy infected cells, unless they reach the high concentrations that allow complement to bind.

This allows the virus to spread in people’s lungs, by simply fusing infected cells together with neighboring cells. That’s the sort of response we encourage this virus to develop, when we depend on an adaptive immune response that is able to neutralize viral particles, but prohibits the innate immune system from using its tools that enable it to rapidly deal with infected cells.

So have a look with me, at the fusogenicity we see of successive variants in Calu-3 cells, the best available model for the sort of endothelial cells in the lungs this virus hurts:



And here you see the same result, also in CaLu-3 cells:



It’s not difficult to interpret these results, the trend is obvious. They show that ever since the first two Omicrons (BA.1 and BA.2), the virus is getting slowly but steadily better at fusing cells together, reaching the level seen in the pre-Omicron versions.

That’s what you get, when you force the adaptive immune system to do a job meant for the innate immune system. Fusogenicity is the main determinant of intrinsic virulence we know of. And so, we arrive at the conclusion that we’re encouraging the evolution of ever more virulent variants of this virus.

Why we’re failing to discriminate against virulence

NK cells select against virulence, because these highly fusogenic Spike proteins, with high ACE2 affinity and a positive charge in their RBD, will bind very tightly to the NK cell’s specialized receptors meant to detect the proteins respiratory viruses use to bind to their preferred target cell’s receptors. In addition, the population’s evolving antibody response would normally select against virulence, because people would develop a stronger antibody response to virulence associated epitopes.

Your immune system is not just tasked with protecting you from disease. It’s also an essential part of its job, to discourage the evolution of growing virulence in whatever respiratory viruses you encounter. Otherwise, there would not be eight billion of us right now. As I have explained before, it has been documented for Influenza that NK cells preferentially bind to the Hemagluttinin genes of highly pathogenic variants of Influenza, like the 1918 flu.

Your IgG3 antibodies are generally cross-reactive, they are capable of binding to multiple different viruses. The job of these antibodies is not so much to protect you from future reinfection by a virus. Rather, the main job of these antibodies is to discriminate against certain virulence-associated epitopes observed in a virus that is circulating in your species.

Why did the 1918 flu not lead to endless waves of severe disease and death? Because of the NK cells that discriminate against it, but also because the survivors of that pandemic continued to produce very high affinity neutralizing antibodies for decades, that actively discriminated against the virulence associated epitopes of this particular variety of influenza. The survivors did not have long-term immunity from reinfection by influenza. Rather, they had long-term immunity against that particular highly virulent strain, which now had a reproductive disadvantage in our species as a result.

This is not very difficult to understand. It makes perfect sense that one of the many jobs of our immune system is to discriminate against virulent varieties of the hundreds of respiratory viruses known to infect our species. That also perfectly fits the accelerated decline of the more generalist innate immune system, compared to the adaptive immune system: One of the jobs of our elderly, is to use their acquired knowledge to discriminate against virulent pathogens circulating in our species, like the survivors of the 1918 flu did so well for us.

It seems as if nobody ever bothered asking why those previous four hCovs that jumped into our species never wiped us out, before deciding to launch this vaccine.

[CONTINUED NEXT POST]
 
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Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
[CONTINUED FROM POST ABOVE]

So what’s next?

Viruses don’t just exist in a state of competition with our immune systems, they exist in a state of competition with each other. The class switch towards IgG4 antibodies against the Receptor Binding Domain of this virus has resulted in somewhat of a sweet spot in the antigenic landscape. There doesn’t seem to be a strong incentive left, to radically change the Receptor Binding Domain to evade antibodies. The BA.2.86 variants are mainly developing mutations in their RBD that have been seen before.

This is a worrisome development, because it suggests that natural selection will now begin working elsewhere: With the low hanging fruit exhausted other changes begin to be selected, that carry a stronger fitness trade-off that has so far prohibited their spread.

I will show you an example:

s157.png


This is one single deletion that is clearly being selected in Europe now, but not yet globally: S:F157-.

The last time this deletion was seen, was in the Delta variant. It causes some sort of change to the N3 loop of the N-Terminal Domain.

As I have said before, you can now expect deletions to emerge, around these regions:

14-26 (N1), 141-156 (N3) and 246-260 (N5).

These three loops in the N-Terminal Domain are unusually long in SARS2, compared to its close relatives in other animals. This unusually long region allowed the virus to spread across the world, by stabilizing its Spike in a form that promotes infection of cells. As amino acids are deleted from these highly immunogenic regions, the intrinsic infectiousness of the virus declines, but this is masked by the fact that it allows it to escape certain antibodies.

Relatively speaking, Japan has even more people than Europe who have received mRNA vaccines before they were first infected by the virus. We can look at which deletions are showing up in their population:

1NTDloops-1024x543.png


I have circled the colors, to indicate which of these deletions you would reasonably expect to affect loop N1 (blue) loop N3 (red) and loop N5 (green).

The evidence here is pretty clear: Deletions In Spike are emerging in Japan. These deletions are concentrated in the three regions, where you would expect very intense antibody pressure to be emerging right now. Over time, you can expect to see a situation emerge where these deletions gain a transmission advantage.

And let’s look at South Korea too, while we’re at it.

Here are the Spike deletions we see, in the past two months:

1NTDloopssouthkorea-2-1024x506.png


Again, basically the same thing, in a different form. It deletes different amino acids in N1, it hits the same ones in N3 as in Japan, but it apparently hasn’t started dealing with N5 yet. Note how in both countries, basically two thirds of all the deletions showing up now are in these NTD loops.

So the selection really seems to be happening, in highly mRNA vaccinated countries that have had their first BA.2.86 wave. If this wasn’t going on right now, you would expect to see deletions strewn across the Spike protein showing up in these numbers, but they’re strongly concentrated around the immunogenic loops of the NTD.

Virologists who recognized early on that vaccination with inactivated vaccines against a virus like this is bad news and felt a strong moral obligation to warn against it, do not like looking at these statistics, because it clearly reveals to them where this is now headed.

But for outsiders like me, who had to teach themselves what’s going on, these numbers are important to discuss, because it is the evidence we need, to prove the severe consequences mass vaccination with inadequate vaccines has had. As a simple guy, you receive conflicting messages from experts, with the majority claiming these vaccines are the best thing ever.

That’s why I’m sharing this data with you: Because it reveals that the warnings of a small minority against this endeavor were correct.

I want to emphasize again, that it’s not just the massive antibody escape that we’re dealing with once these deletions become commonly seen. These deletions change the shape of the Spike protein, to dramatically increase its fusogenicity, that is, its ability to fuse different cells together. You can reasonably expect the virus to start behaving more similar to SARS1, when it develops enough of these mutations.

These deletions, now being select for by mass vaccination, increase the intrinsic virulence of this virus. Some, like S:F157-, were found in Delta too, which became dominant and started sickening a lot of people, until the virus stumbled upon a way to dramatically increase its infectiousness.

I should also note that the BA.2.86 family now dominant across the globe, has a very rare insertion, not seen before in any other variant. At the start of the N-Terminal Domain, it inserts these four amino acids: MPLF. We can reasonably expect that this offers the virus some leeway, in the sense that it helps it to delete some amino acids from the highly immunogenic three loops mentioned earlier, without destabilizing the Spike as much as these deletions would in previous Omicron variants.

These deletions are only reemerging now, now that ACE2 affinity has increased dramatically and the antibody pressure on the RBD has diversified to such a great extent, that there are no real other routes left to survive in populations of hosts who have been vaccinated and already lived through multiple infections.

You might now be asking yourself: Alright, if these three loops are really being shortened, so that the main remaining functional antibodies can no longer bind there, won’t the immune system simply switch to making antibodies against the new version of these loops?

There are three reasons why this is unlikely to solve the problem:
  1. Recall of poorly neutralizing antibodies from previous exposures. This is the original antigenic sin phenomenon. Even if the immune system could in theory develop proper antibodies against the new version of these NTD loops, pre-existing antibodies that underwent affinity maturation are going to be deployed, that are less capable of doing the job.
  2. Evolution towards peptide mimicry. Viruses tend to evolve in a manner that causes their peptide chains to look like those of their host. When SARS2 was first observed, it had the curious trait of looking most similar to the proteins of humans and mice. This mimicry prohibits antibodies from binding there, without causing autoimmune problems for the host.
  3. Improved glycosylation. The virus evolves over time, to add sugar molecules in those spots where antibodies tend to bind.
The latter two of these phenomena mainly tend to happen when the whole population exerts strong concentrated antibody pressure on small regions, as otherwise the changes wouldn’t have a fitness advantage. That is, it happens in a situation of mass vaccination, where a population exerts strong homogeneous antibody pressure on small regions of a protein.

I understand this is not pleasant information and distressing for some. I want people to understand what is happening and why it is happening however, for multiple reasons. To start with, the people who brought this misery upon the world need to be held accountable. I have these statistics available, they’re easy to find, it should be easy to find for public health officials and vaccine manufacturers too. I don’t want people to pretend that this is some sort of mystery that emerged out of the blue, you can see clearly what is happening.

Second, if people understand what is emerging and if more people look at this, then people have a better chance of preparing themselves for it and looking for solutions to this problem.
 
Why did the 1918 flu not lead to endless waves of severe disease and death? Because of the NK cells that discriminate against it, but also because the survivors of that pandemic continued to produce very high affinity neutralizing antibodies for decades, that actively discriminated against the virulence associated epitopes of this particular variety of influenza. The survivors did not have long-term immunity from reinfection by influenza. Rather, they had long-term immunity against that particular highly virulent strain, which now had a reproductive disadvantage in our species as a result.
Consider the fictional Emergence of a new subspecies of humans whose ancestors on both sides had conceived while infected with 1918. They are now, among other things, immune to all human diseases.
 

psychgirl

Has No Life - Lives on TB
Consider the fictional Emergence of a new subspecies of humans whose ancestors on both sides had conceived while infected with 1918. They are now, among other things, immune to all human diseases.
My grandpa got it while in boot camp during WW1
He was sent home because his fever was so high he barely recovered (so the story goes) …..and that is why he was never the same after that.
Well, in his 30’s onward, anyway.
He developed paranoid schizophrenia
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
(fair use applies)


New Study: Vaping Increases COVID-19 Infection Risk
By University of California - Riverside
February 28, 2024

A study from UC Riverside advises e-cigarette users to exercise caution when vaping in the era of COVID-19.

A study from the University of California, Riverside, has discovered that individuals who use e-cigarettes, or vapers, are at risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the ongoing global spread of COVID-19.

The liquid used in electronic cigarettes, called e-liquid, typically contains nicotine, propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, and flavor chemicals. The researchers found propylene glycol/vegetable glycerin alone or along with nicotine enhanced COVID-19 infection through different mechanisms.

Study results appear in the American Journal of Physiology.

The researchers also found that the addition of benzoic acid to e-liquids prevents the infection caused by propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, and nicotine.

“Users who vape aerosols produced from propylene glycol/vegetable glycerin alone or e-liquids with a neutral to basic pH are more likely to be infected by the virus, while users who vape aerosols made from e-liquids with benzoic acid — an acidic pH — will have the same viral susceptibility as individuals who do not vape,” said Rattapol Phandthong, a postdoctoral researcher in the Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology and the research paper’s first author.


Experimental Approach and Results

The researchers obtained airway stem cells from human donors to produce a 3D tissue model of human bronchial epithelium. They then exposed the tissues to JUUL and BLU electronic cigarette aerosols to study the effect on SARS-CoV-2 infection. They found all tissues showed an increase in the amount of ACE2, a host cell receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Further, TMPRSS2, an enzyme essential for the virus to infect cells, was found to show increased activity in tissues exposed to aerosols with nicotine.

Prue Talbot, a professor of the graduate division and Phandthong’s advisor, said e-cigarette users should be cautious about vaping as some products will increase their susceptibility to SARs-CoV-2 infection.

“It would probably be best for vapers to quit vaping for the protection of their health and to stop nicotine dependency,” she said. “If they cannot stop vaping, it is better to vape aerosols produced from an e-liquid with acidic pH or with benzoic acid to prevent the enhanced SARS-CoV-2 infection caused by nicotine, propylene glycol, and vegetable glycerin. However, inhalation of benzoic acid has its own risk, and data is still limited on this topic.”


Complexities and Future Directions

The researchers acknowledge that the relationship between e-cigarettes and SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility is complex.

“The complexity is attributed to a wide range of available e-liquids, the chemical composition of each e-liquid, and different models of e-cigarettes,” Phandthong said. “Our study only used Classic Tobacco Flavor JUUL e-cigarette and BLU Classic Tobacco e-cigarette. Even with just these two e-cigarettes, we found the aerosols and individual ingredients produced different effects on SARS-CoV-2 infection.”

Phandthong and Talbot hope the Food and Drug Administration will use their findings to implement regulatory laws on e-cigarette products.

“Our findings could also help improve the design of clinical trials involving the use of tobacco products and SARS-CoV-2 infection,” Phandthong said. “In the meantime, it is worth bearing in mind that the scientific literature has shown that a vaper who contracted SARS-CoV-2 has more complications during the recovery period and is more likely to develop long COVID-19, which can be serious and last many months post-infection. We hope our findings encourage vapers to stop vaping and discourage non-users from starting to vape.”

Phandthong acknowledged the team only investigated the initial stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

“There are many later stages involved in infection, such as viral replication,” he said. “It is likely that these additional stages can also be affected by inhalation of e-cigarette aerosols.”

Reference: “Does vaping increase the likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 infection? Paradoxically yes and no” by Rattapol Phandthong, Man Wong, Ann Song, Teresa Martinez and Prue Talbot, 7 February 2024, American Journal of Physiology.
DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00300.2022

Phandthong and Talbot were joined in the study by Man Wong, Ann Song, and Teresa Martinez.

The research was funded by grants from the Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Tobacco Products of the Food and Drug Administration, and California Institute of Regenerative Medicine.
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
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Elusive immune cells dwelling in 'hidden niches' of the bone marrow may be key to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination
by Delthia Ricks , Medical Xpress
February 27, 2024

Although immunologists have developed a deep reservoir of knowledge illuminating how antibodies respond to vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, little is known about the elusive cells that produce infection-fighting antibodies.

Despite antibodies being among the first responders when infectious agents invade the body, they're produced by mystifying cells that are complicated by two things: residence in a hidden niche and possessing a convoluted name—long-lived plasma cells, or simply LLPCs.

The trouble with developing a more intimate knowledge of LLPCs is that they dwell deep in the bone marrow in specialized compartments and are difficult to study in humans. A plasma cell develops from an immune system B cell and is a type of white blood cell.

Having a better understanding of these cells would not only aid the development of better vaccines but would bolster scientific understanding of the immune system itself. Now, a new round of research has both dispelled some of the mystery about LLPCs, and at the same time, has opened a new window of understanding into vaccination against SARS-CoV-2.

What scientists wanted to know is how these mystifying cells respond to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and whether the team could develop a technique to trace and document the inoculation response. In so doing, researchers would have firsthand evidence of the cascade of molecular events occurring deep within the bone marrow in response to SARS-CoV-2 immunization.

The team of researchers hailed from several centers in the United States and was led by scientists at the Vaccine Research Center of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases in Bethesda, Maryland.

"We believe that [our technique] provides the technical knowledge required to study this extremely critical yet sparsely studied immunological compartment that mediates long-term serological immunity," lead author Madhu Prabhakaran wrote in Science Translational Medicine.

LLPCs originate in the body's germinal centers, which are highly specialized sites in lymphoid tissue. But these LLPCs literally pack up and leave—relocating to "survival niches" in the bone marrow where they take up residence, persisting in these hideaways for decades. From their survival niches, LLPCs secrete antibodies and help guard against infection over long periods of time.

It is because of their persistence that long-lived plasma cells can offer insights into how well any given vaccine is inducing antibodies and immunity. Yet, it is also because LLPCs migrate to tucked away sites that it has been extraordinarily difficult to study them.

With a newly devised technique that they developed, Vaccine Research Center scientists and their collaborators report being able to detect and capture LLPCs that produced antibodies against a specific pathogen, in this case, SARS-CoV-2.

Writing in Science Translational Medicine, Prabhakaran and collaborators report that they used "an antigen-specific LLPC isolation technique," a way of capturing the elusive cells. The team then purified SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and receptor binding domain-specific LLPCs "from the bone marrow of lab animals and determined that their antibody repertoires matched those of memory B cells in the peripheral blood."

Prior to the research by Prabhakaran and colleagues said it was unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 spike protein vaccination was able to elicit and maintain LLPCs. But with a highly sensitive method to identify and isolate antigen-specific LLPCs by tethering antibodies secreted by these cells onto the cell surface, Prabhakaran and colleagues made a tantalizing discovery: The team found that it takes more than one dose of adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 spike protein vaccine to induce spike protein-specific LLPC reservoirs. The study was conducted in nonhuman primates.

"Using this method, we found that two doses of adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 spike protein vaccination are able to induce spike protein-specific LLPC reservoirs enriched for receptor binding domain specificities in the bone marrow of nonhuman primates that are detectable for several months after vaccination," Prabhakaran wrote. "Many of the antibodies secreted by these LLPCs also exhibited improved neutralization and cross-reactivity."

The technique devised by Prabhakaran and colleagues demonstrated that antibodies produced by LLPCs can be readily detected in the laboratory. The nonhuman primate in the research that helped the team develop and hone their technique was rhesus macaques.

The animals received an adjuvanted vaccine based on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Over an eight-month longitudinal study, the team discovered how doses of the vaccine-induced reservoirs of LLPCs specific to the spike protein, which produced powerful neutralizing antibodies.

In their paper, the team said that questions remain about how precisely LLPCs are seeded and maintained, hence the need for further studies, they said.

"These findings establish our method as a means to sensitively and reliably detect rare antigen-specific LLPCs and additionally demonstrate that adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 spike protein vaccination establishes spike protein-specific LLPC reservoirs," Prabhakaran concluded.

More information: Madhu Prabhakaran et al, Adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 spike protein vaccination elicits long-lived plasma cells in nonhuman primates, Science Translational Medicine (2024). DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.add5960
Journal information: Science Translational Medicine
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
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Timing of COVID-19 shot can change menstrual cycle length: Study
by Nicole Rideout, Oregon Health & Science University
February 29, 2024

Oregon Health & Science University researchers have confirmed that the timing of COVID-19 vaccination is associated with slight, temporary changes in menstrual cycle length.

The study, published in the journal Obstetrics & Gynecology, found that individuals receiving a COVID-19 vaccine during the first half of their menstrual cycle are more likely to experience cycle length changes than those receiving a vaccine in the second half.

Building on prior work from the same research team that first identified an association between COVID-19 vaccines and menstrual cycle length, this study furthers understanding how timing of vaccination is associated with this change.

"Understanding these changes on a population level allows us to more effectively counsel patients about what to expect with a COVID-19 vaccine," said Alison Edelman, M.D., M.P.H., the study's lead author and professor of obstetrics and gynecology and division director of Complex Family Planning in the OHSU School of Medicine. "We hope this work helps validate the public's experiences and ease fears and anxiety around vaccination."

With data from nearly 20,000 users of the FDA-cleared birth control application Natural Cycles, researchers sought to determine whether timing of COVID-19 vaccination is associated with changes in menstrual cycle length. Individuals in the cohort analysis granted researchers permission to use their de-identified data.

Researchers compared three groups: individuals vaccinated in the follicular phase, the first phase of the menstrual cycle when the body collects follicles, or small sacs that have the potential to release an egg for fertilization during ovulation; individuals vaccinated in the luteal phase, the second part of the menstrual cycle starting after ovulation; and an unvaccinated control group.

Analysis shows that individuals who were vaccinated in the follicular phase experienced, on average, a one-day increase in cycle length when compared with their pre-vaccination cycle average. Changes typically resolved in the cycle after vaccination.

While there is now a large body of evidence demonstrating that the COVID-19 vaccine is associated with temporary menstrual cycle disturbances, the exact biological mechanism for these changes is still unknown.

"We are constantly learning about how our bodies work together, but we do know the immune and reproductive systems interact closely with one another," Edelman explained. "Based on this relationship, it is certainly plausible that individuals may see temporary changes in their menstrual cycle due to the immune response that vaccines are designed to produce."

Experiencing an unexpected change in menstrual cycles can be alarming. Researchers emphasize that these findings shouldn't be a cause for concern, but should provide reassurance that if changes in cycle length occur with vaccination, they are likely to be small and temporary. Individuals who notice prolonged changes in menstruation are encouraged to seek guidance from their clinician.

Since the study's data were gathered from individuals with regular menstrual cycles pre-vaccine, the team emphasizes that additional research is needed to establish whether observed differences vary in some people who experience irregularities in their cycle. Additionally, researchers hope to better understand how other aspects of the menstrual cycle are affected by vaccination, such as menstrual-related symptoms and menstrual flow.

"Historically, menstruation has not been prioritized in scientific and medical research, which leaves individuals who menstruate with a lot of unanswered questions, especially when they are experiencing something that's not 'normal' for their body," Edelman said. "Menstruation is a key indicator of fertility and overall health, so understanding these changes is very important to us as reproductive health researchers and to our patients."

More information: Alison Edelman et al, Timing of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination and Effects on Menstrual Cycle Changes, Obstetrics & Gynecology (2024). DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000005550
Journal information: Obstetrics & Gynecology
Provided by Oregon Health & Science University
 

Heliobas Disciple

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Mounting research shows that COVID-19 leaves its mark on the brain, including with significant drops in IQ scores
by Ziyad Al-Aly - Chief of Research and Development, VA St. Louis Health Care System. Clinical Epidemiologist, Washington University in St. Louis
Disclosure statement: Ziyad Al-Aly receives funding from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.
Published: February 28, 2024 5:42pm EST

From the very early days of the pandemic, brain fog emerged as a significant health condition that many experience after COVID-19.

Brain fog is a colloquial term that describes a state of mental sluggishness or lack of clarity and haziness that makes it difficult to concentrate, remember things and think clearly.

Fast-forward four years and there is now abundant evidence that being infected with SARS-CoV-2 – the virus that causes COVID-19 – can affect brain health in many ways.

In addition to brain fog, COVID-19 can lead to an array of problems, including headaches, seizure disorders, strokes, sleep problems, and tingling and paralysis of the nerves, as well as several mental health disorders.

A large and growing body of evidence amassed throughout the pandemic details the many ways that COVID-19 leaves an indelible mark on the brain. But the specific pathways by which the virus does so are still being elucidated, and curative treatments are nonexistent.

Now, two new studies published in the New England Journal of Medicine shed further light on the profound toll of COVID-19 on cognitive health.

I am a physician scientist, and I have been devoted to studying long COVID since early patient reports about this condition – even before the term “long COVID” was coined. I have testified before the U.S. Senate as an expert witness on long COVID and have published extensively on this topic.


How COVID-19 leaves its mark on the brain

Here are some of the most important studies to date documenting how COVID-19 affects brain health:

- Large epidemiological analyses showed that people who had COVID-19 were at an increased risk of cognitive deficits, such as memory problems.

- Imaging studies done in people before and after their COVID-19 infections show shrinkage of brain volume and altered brain structure after infection.

- A study of people with mild to moderate COVID-19 showed significant prolonged inflammation of the brain and changes that are commensurate with seven years of brain aging.

- Severe COVID-19 that requires hospitalization or intensive care may result in cognitive deficits and other brain damage that are equivalent to 20 years of aging.

- Laboratory experiments in human and mouse brain organoids designed to emulate changes in the human brain showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers the fusion of brain cells. This effectively short-circuits brain electrical activity and compromises function.

- Autopsy studies of people who had severe COVID-19 but died months later from other causes showed that the virus was still present in brain tissue. This provides evidence that contrary to its name, SARS-CoV-2 is not only a respiratory virus, but it can also enter the brain in some individuals. But whether the persistence of the virus in brain tissue is driving some of the brain problems seen in people who have had COVID-19 is not yet clear.

- Studies show that even when the virus is mild and exclusively confined to the lungs, it can still provoke inflammation in the brain and impair brain cells’ ability to regenerate.

- COVID-19 can also disrupt the blood brain barrier, the shield that protects the nervous system – which is the control and command center of our bodies – making it “leaky.” Studies using imaging to assess the brains of people hospitalized with COVID-19 showed disrupted or leaky blood brain barriers in those who experienced brain fog.

- A large preliminary analysis pooling together data from 11 studies encompassing almost 1 million people with COVID-19 and more than 6 million uninfected individuals showed that COVID-19 increased the risk of development of new-onset dementia in people older than 60 years of age.


Drops in IQ

Most recently, a new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine assessed cognitive abilities such as memory, planning and spatial reasoning in nearly 113,000 people who had previously had COVID-19. The researchers found that those who had been infected had significant deficits in memory and executive task performance.

This decline was evident among those infected in the early phase of the pandemic and those infected when the delta and omicron variants were dominant. These findings show that the risk of cognitive decline did not abate as the pandemic virus evolved from the ancestral strain to omicron.

In the same study, those who had mild and resolved COVID-19 showed cognitive decline equivalent to a three-point loss of IQ. In comparison, those with unresolved persistent symptoms, such as people with persistent shortness of breath or fatigue, had a six-point loss in IQ. Those who had been admitted to the intensive care unit for COVID-19 had a nine-point loss in IQ. Reinfection with the virus contributed an additional two-point loss in IQ, as compared with no reinfection.

Generally the average IQ is about 100. An IQ above 130 indicates a highly gifted individual, while an IQ below 70 generally indicates a level of intellectual disability that may require significant societal support.

To put the finding of the New England Journal of Medicine study into perspective, I estimate that a three-point downward shift in IQ would increase the number of U.S. adults with an IQ less than 70 from 4.7 million to 7.5 million – an increase of 2.8 million adults with a level of cognitive impairment that requires significant societal support.

Another study in the same issue of the New England Journal of Medicine involved more than 100,000 Norwegians between March 2020 and April 2023. It documented worse memory function at several time points up to 36 months following a positive SARS-CoV-2 test.


Parsing the implications

Taken together, these studies show that COVID-19 poses a serious risk to brain health, even in mild cases, and the effects are now being revealed at the population level.

A recent analysis of the U.S. Current Population Survey showed that after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, an additional 1 million working-age Americans reported having “serious difficulty” remembering, concentrating or making decisions than at any time in the preceding 15 years. Most disconcertingly, this was mostly driven by younger adults between the ages of 18 to 44.

Data from the European Union shows a similar trend – in 2022, 15% of people in the EU reported memory and concentration issues.

Looking ahead, it will be critical to identify who is most at risk. A better understanding is also needed of how these trends might affect the educational attainment of children and young adults and the economic productivity of working-age adults. And the extent to which these shifts will influence the epidemiology of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease is also not clear.

The growing body of research now confirms that COVID-19 should be considered a virus with a significant impact on the brain. The implications are far-reaching, from individuals experiencing cognitive struggles to the potential impact on populations and the economy.

Lifting the fog on the true causes behind these cognitive impairments, including brain fog, will require years if not decades of concerted efforts by researchers across the globe. And unfortunately, nearly everyone is a test case in this unprecedented global undertaking.
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
(fair use applies)


John Hopkins Study Finds That Men With Long COVID Likely To Have Erectile Dysfunction Issues
Nikhil Prasad Fact checked by:Thailand Medical News Team
Feb 29, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has left a lasting impact on global health, with post-infection sequelae affecting various organ systems. One intriguing aspect is the potential connection between long COVID and erectile dysfunction (ED) in men. While previous studies have highlighted the risk of erectile dysfunction (ED) after acute COVID-19 infections, the specific association with long COVID remains unexplored. This COVID-19 News report delves into a groundbreaking study conducted by Johns Hopkins, examining the comparative risk of post-infection erectile dysfunction (ED) following SARS Coronavirus 2, stratified by acute and long COVID, hospitalization status, and vasopressor administration.


Understanding Long COVID and Acute Infections
Long COVID, also known as post-COVID conditions, is characterized by the persistence or emergence of new symptoms at least four weeks after initial SARS-CoV-2 infection. On the other hand, acute COVID resolves within four weeks, though symptoms may linger. Recent data from the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) indicates a significant prevalence of long COVID, particularly among adults aged 50-59, a cohort already at an increased risk of erectile dysfunction (ED). This raises concerns about the potential impact of long COVID on sexual health.


Research Methodology
The study conducted by Johns Hopkins utilized data from the TriNetX COVID-19 Research Network, covering the period from December 1, 2020, to June 2023. Propensity score matching was employed to compare cohorts, ensuring a fair assessment of the risks associated with long COVID, acute infections, hospitalization, and vasopressor administration. The extensive database included information from over 109 million patients across 81 healthcare organizations, providing a robust foundation for analysis.


Results and Implications

After propensity score matching, the study included 2,839 men with long COVID and 2,839 with acute COVID, revealing a statistically significant increase in the risk of erectile dysfunction (ED) for the long COVID cohort. Notably, 3.63% of men with long COVID developed erectile dysfunction (ED) or were prescribed phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i), compared to 2.61% in the acute COVID group.

Contrary to expectations, there was no significant change in erectile dysfunction (ED) risk for individuals requiring hospitalization or vasopressors due to more severe COVID-19 infection. This unique study finding suggests that the risk of developing erectile dysfunction (ED) is associated more with the duration of the infection (long COVID) rather than its severity.


Understanding the Mechanisms
The pathophysiology of long COVID offers potential explanations for the increased risk of erectile dysfunction (ED). Long COVID patients exhibit elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers, including lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, and IL-6, indicating a persistent hyperinflammatory state. Systemic inflammation is known to worsen erectile function, suggesting a link between long COVID and endothelial damage.

Furthermore, the impact of long COVID on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, leading to pulmonary dysfunction and decreased systemic nitric oxide levels, provides a systemic explanation for the increased risk of erectile dysfunction. This comprehensive understanding underscores the importance of recognizing the multi-systemic effects of long COVID.


Limitations and Future Directions
While the study presents compelling evidence, certain limitations should be acknowledged. The large-scale nature of the database and de-identification of patients limited the ability to gain specific insights into individual cases, such as symptom severity and hormone levels. Additionally, the study focused on ICD-10 coded diagnoses, potentially excluding patients with erectile dysfunction who did not receive this specific format of diagnosis.

Future research should delve deeper into the causal relationship between long COVID and the development of de novo erectile dysfunction (ED) in men. Emphasizing sexual health outcomes following long COVID and investigating the impact of hospitalization and vasopressor medication use will provide a more nuanced understanding of the complex interactions at play.


Conclusion
In conclusion, this groundbreaking study from Johns Hopkins sheds light on the previously unexplored link between long COVID and erectile dysfunction. The findings suggest that men with long COVID are at a higher risk of developing erectile dysfunction (ED) compared to those with acute COVID, emphasizing the need for further research in this critical area. Recognizing the impact of long COVID on sexual health is essential for providing comprehensive care to individuals recovering from this complex infection.

The study findings were published on a preprint server and are currently being the peer reviewed.

 

jward

passin' thru
Citizen Free Press
@CitizenFreePres

... and then one day, four years later on a Friday afternoon when no one was looking, the CDC admitted that the great conspiracy theory about Covid was true.

1709358916918.jpeg
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
Citizen Free Press
@CitizenFreePres

... and then one day, four years later on a Friday afternoon when no one was looking, the CDC admitted that the great conspiracy theory about Covid was true.

View attachment 463233


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CDC updates Covid isolation guidelines for people who test positive
The shift in guidance comes as Covid hospitalizations and deaths continue to fall.

By Erika Edwards | NBC News
Published March 1, 2024 Updated on March 1, 2024 at 1:45 pm

People who test positive for Covid no longer need to isolate for five days, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said Friday.

The CDC’s new guidance now matches public health advice for flu and other respiratory illnesses: Stay home when you’re sick, but return to school or work once you’re feeling better and you’ve been without a fever for 24 hours.

The shift reflects sustained decreases in the most severe outcomes of Covid since the beginning of the pandemic, as well as a recognition that many people aren’t testing themselves for Covid anyway.

“Folks often don’t know what virus they have when they first get sick, so this will help them know what to do, regardless,” CDC director Dr. Mandy Cohen said during a media briefing Friday.

Over the past couple of years, weekly hospital admissions for Covid have fallen by more than 75%, and deaths have decreased by more than 90%, Cohen said.

“To put that differently, in 2021, Covid was the third leading cause of death in the United States. Last year, it was the 10th,” Dr. Brendan Jackson, head of respiratory virus response within the CDC’s National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, said during the briefing.

Many doctors have been urging the CDC to lift isolation guidance for months, saying it did little to stop the spread of Covid.

The experiences of California and Oregon, which previously lifted their Covid isolation guidelines, proved that to be true.

“Recent data indicate that California and Oregon, where isolation guidance looks more like CDC’s updated recommendations, are not experiencing higher Covid-19 emergency department visits or hospitalizations,” Jackson said.

Changing the Covid isolation to mirror what’s recommended for flu and other respiratory illnesses makes sense to Dr. David Margolius, the public health director for the city of Cleveland.

“We’ve gotten to the point where we are suffering from flu at a higher rate than Covid,” he said. “What this guidance will do is help to reinforce that— regardless of what contagious respiratory viral infection you have — stay home when you’re sick, come back when you’re better.”

Dr. Kristin Englund, an infectious diseases expert at the Cleveland Clinic, said the new guidance would be beneficial in curbing the spread of all respiratory viruses.

“I think this is going to help us in the coming years to make sure that our numbers of influenza and RSV cases can also be cut down, not just Covid,” she said.

Still, the decision was likely to draw criticism from some clinicians who point to the fact that the U.S. logged 17,310 new Covid hospitalizations in the past week alone.

“It’s something that is likely to draw a wide array of opinions and perhaps even conflicting opinions,” said Dr. Faisal Khan, Seattle’s director of public health. “But [the CDC’s] rationale is sound in that the pandemic is now in a very different phase from where it was in 2021 or 2022 or 2023.”

Though the isolation guidelines have been wiped away, the CDC still encourages people to play it safe for five days after they are feeling better. That includes masking around vulnerable people and opening windows to improve the flow of fresh air indoors.

The majority of viral spread happens when people are the sickest. “As the days go on, less virus spreads,” Cohen said.

People at higher risk for severe Covid complications, such as the elderly, people with weak immune systems and pregnant women, may need to take additional precautions.

Dr. Katie Passaretti, chief epidemiologist at Atrium Health in Charlotte, said it was a “move in the positive direction.”

“We are continuing to edge into what the world looks like after Covid, with Covid being one of many respiratory viruses that are certain that circulate,” she said.

The new guidance is for the general public only, and does not include isolation guidelines in hospital settings, which is generally 10 days.

On Wednesday, the agency said that adults 65 and older should get a booster shot of the Covid vaccine this spring. It’s anticipated that the nation will experience an uptick in the illness later this summer.

Winter and summer waves of Covid have emerged over the past four years, with cases peaking in January and August, respectively, according to the CDC.

Another, reformulated, shot is expected to be available and recommended this fall.

CDC’s main tips for reducing Covid spread:
  • Get the Covid vaccine whenever it is available. Cohen said that 95% of people who were hospitalized with Covid this past winter had not received the latest vaccine.
  • Cover coughs and sneezes, and wash hands frequently.
  • Increase ventilation by opening windows, using air purifiers and gathering outside when possible.
 

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CDC explains why it changed COVID guidelines for 2024
By NBC Chicago Staff
Published March 1, 2024 Updated on March 1, 2024 at 2:27 pm

Closing in on the four years since much of the world seemed to shut down during the initial global onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has dropped the five-day isolation guideline for the virus.

According to the CDC, the guidelines for COVID-19 are now in line with those of influenza, RSV and other respiratory illnesses, advising those feeling sick to stay home and return to work or school after being fever-free for 24 hours.

“Today’s announcement reflects the progress we have made in protecting against severe illness from COVID-19,” CDC Director Dr. Mandy Cohen said. “However, we still must use the commonsense solutions we know work to protect ourselves and others from serious illness from respiratory viruses—this includes vaccination, treatment, and staying home when we get sick.”

The CDC added that the updated recommendations coincide with a significant drop in hospitalizations and deaths due to COVID-19, adding that health care workers have "more tools than ever" to combat COVID-19 and other respiratory viruses.

The guidance adds that once individuals resume normal activities after illness, precautionary steps should be taken within the first five days of heading back to school or work.

Simple acts such as taking more steps for cleaner air, enhancing hygiene practices, keeping a distance from others, wearing a well-fitting mask and/or getting tested for respiratory viruses.

The Illinois Department of Public Health announced Friday afternoon that they would adopt the CDC's updated guidance, even as respiratory viruses across the state are on the rise due to a jump in flu cases, though COVID-19 cases remain low.

“IDPH appreciates the new guidance from the CDC that streamlines recommendations across respiratory viruses and provides simple, clear and easy to understand steps for those with COVID-19, flu and RSV,” IDPH Director Dr. Sameer Vohra said.

Vohra added that the revised guidance focuses on those who are at the highest risk of serious complications due to infection.

"These new guidelines put the emphasis correctly on protecting those who are most vulnerable to serious illness and hospitalizations. While Illinois is in a better position than we were two months ago, the State is currently experiencing an uptick in our overall respiratory illness level. Individuals 65 and over, those who are immunocompromised, and individuals with chronic medical conditions remain most vulnerable to severe outcomes, and they should continue to use all tools at their disposal to keep themselves protected," Vohra said.

The CDC said these measures are particularly important for individuals over the age of 65 and those with weakened immune systems.

In addition to citing a decrease in hospitalizations and deaths as well as more tools to combat the virus, the CDC also acknowledged that individual states that have loosened isolation guidelines had not seen increased hospitalizations or deaths from COVID-19.

"While it remains a threat, today it is far less likely to cause severe illness because of widespread immunity and improved tools to prevent and treat the disease. Importantly, states and countries that have already adjusted recommended isolation times have not seen increased hospitalizations or deaths related to COVID-19," the statement said.

Additionally, the CDC said that the new guidance gives the agency a unified approach in battling COVID-19, influenza, RSV and other respiratory viruses by having consistent guidelines for each illness.

“The bottom line is that when people follow these actionable recommendations to avoid getting sick, and to protect themselves and others if they do get sick, it will help limit the spread of respiratory viruses, and that will mean fewer people who experience severe illness,” National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Director Dr. Demetre Daskalakis said. “That includes taking enhanced precautions that can help protect people who are at higher risk for getting seriously ill.”

Though the five-day isolation guideline has been dropped for community settings, existing guidelines remain in place for healthcare settings.
 

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U.S. CDC Drops Five-Day COVID-19 Isolation Guidance. Where’s The Science?
Nikhil Prasad Fact checked by:Thailand Medical News Team
Mar 02, 2024

In a pivotal move, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has recently unveiled a significant shift in its COVID-19 isolation guidelines, marking the first change since 2021. As the world enters the fourth year of the pandemic, this development reflects an evolving understanding of the virus and aims to strike a balance between practicality and safeguarding vulnerable populations. This COVID-19 News article delves into the intricacies of the revised guidance, exploring CDC’s rationale, global perspectives, and the broader implications on workplaces, schools, and ongoing vaccination efforts.


Understanding the Nuances of the New CDC Guidance
The crux of the updated guidance lies in departing from the routine five-day isolation period for individuals testing positive for COVID-19. U.S. CDC officials stress the importance of aligning COVID-19 management with common respiratory viruses such as influenza and RSV. The central criterion for ending isolation is being fever-free for at least 24 hours without medication and an overall improvement in symptoms. The guidance encourages individuals to adopt preventive measures for the next five days, including enhanced ventilation, hand hygiene, mask-wearing, social distancing, and regular testing.



Unpacking the Rationale
The decision to relax isolation measures is grounded in the evolving landscape of COVID-19. Despite infection rates remaining similar to previous years, data reveals a decline in the severity of illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths. With 98 percent of the U.S. population possessing disease-fighting antibodies from vaccinations or prior infections, the nation has achieved a considerable level of immunity.

The U.S. CDC’s rationale behind the change lies in acknowledging the stark contrast between the initial years of the pandemic and the current reality. The virus, once an ominous threat, has become more manageable due to widespread vaccination efforts and acquired immunity from prior infections. As the virus's impact on public health decreases, the CDC deems it appropriate to streamline recommendations to align with the management of other respiratory viruses.


Where’s The Science?

Experts are concerned on the new guideline revisions as present scientific evidence shows that most people continue to be shedding virus for about nine days, with a range of six to 11 days upon getting infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Younger patients will tend to be infectious for maybe one day less than that. Older patients or people with severe disease can shed the virus for a longer time.

With many immunocompromised individuals and also the elderly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 and likely to develop disease severity up on infection, the new guidelines seem ridiculous.

In addition to that, the effects of getting Long COVID through exposure form the SARS-CoV-2 virus has not been considered in the issuance of these new guidelines.

In addition, many view that the U.S.CDC’s new guidelines will allow more infections to take place and spread and could lead to more newer sub-lineages and variants emerging as the virus has more and a greater variety of bodies to experience a wider array of host factors for evolution!


Challenges and Concerns: Navigating the Balance

While the U.S. CDC highlights the need to protect those vulnerable to severe illness, critics argue that the shift may endanger specific demographics, particularly older individuals and those with underlying health conditions. Advocates for people with disabilities express concern, emphasizing the heightened risk for their communities. The challenge lies in balancing the practicality of guidelines with the need to control transmission and safeguard vulnerable populations.


Comparative Analysis: Domestic and International Approaches

The United States is not alone in adopting a more flexible stance on COVID-19 isolation. California and Oregon have previously shortened their isolation recommendations, echoing approaches taken by countries like Britain, Australia, France, and Canada. A CDC blog post notes that these nations did not experience a significant increase in virus spread or severe disease following such adjustments.

This global perspective highlights the interconnected nature of the pandemic response. Nations worldwide grapple with the delicate task of crafting guidelines that balance public health imperatives with the need for practicality in implementation.


Practicality in Public Health Guidance: A Call for Adaptability

Experts argue that the changes are overdue, urging a shift toward more practical and adaptable public health guidance. Acknowledging the drastic transformation in the COVID-19 landscape, officials stress the need for a unified approach to managing contagious respiratory viruses. Simplifying the message is crucial to facilitating public adherence, particularly as testing rates remain suboptimal.

Public health communication has always been a complex challenge, and the ongoing evolution of COVID-19 requires an approach that resonates with the public's understanding and behavior. A nuanced, adaptable strategy becomes paramount to navigate the delicate balance between safeguarding public health and ensuring practicality in implementation.


Impact on Workplaces and Schools: Navigating a New Normal

The updated guidance extends beyond individual health, influencing workplaces and educational institutions. With businesses already revising policies due to the previous CDC recommendations, the latest changes may alleviate the burden on employers while prompting a reassessment of sick leave and remote work policies.

School administrators, however, may adopt a varied approach, with decisions often influenced by local authorities and specific goals, such as minimizing student absences. The intersection of public health and education poses unique challenges, requiring a collaborative effort to establish guidelines that protect students and staff while maintaining the continuity of learning.


Ongoing Vaccination Efforts: A Pillar of Prevention?
As the world adapts to the evolving dynamics of COVID-19, the U.S. CDC claims that vaccination remains a critical component of preventive measures. Despite the availability of updated vaccines, the CDC notes low uptake among adults. With the promise of new vaccine versions in the fall, officials advocate for employers to host flu and COVID-19 vaccination clinics, contributing to a holistic approach to respiratory virus prevention.

The vaccination landscape raises critical questions about public perception, accessibility, and ongoing efforts to combat vaccine hesitancy. As the U.S. CDC calls for a unified approach to respiratory viruses, the role of vaccination clinics becomes integral not only in preventing COVID-19 but also in reinforcing immunity against other respiratory illnesses.

It should be noted that to date, there is no proof that the present COVID-19 vaccines stop the spread or transmission of SARS-CoV-2 nor that it actually reduces the risk of disease severity or risk of mortality. A large proportion of COVID-19 deaths these days are actually compromising individuals who had been fully vaccinated.


Challenges and Considerations Moving Forward: Striking a Delicate Balance

The U.S. CDC's decision to revise isolation guidelines has generated mixed reactions, with concerns about potential implications for vulnerable populations. As the agency plans to release new infection prevention and control guidance for schools, including considerations for children with special healthcare needs, the challenge lies in finding a delicate balance between practicality, prevention, and protecting the most susceptible members of society.

Moving forward, public health officials must grapple with the complexities of managing a virus that continually evolves, necessitating adaptive responses. The intersection of public health, individual rights, and societal well-being becomes a focal point for policymakers, requiring nuanced strategies that prioritize both the collective good and individual liberties.


Conclusion: Navigating the Uncharted Waters
The U.S. CDC's recent shift in COVID-19 isolation guidance reflects a nuanced response to the changing dynamics of the pandemic. Grounded in data-driven considerations, the revised recommendations aim to strike a balance between practicality and the ongoing need to protect vulnerable populations. As the world grapples with the ongoing challenges posed by the virus, continued vigilance, vaccination, and a unified approach to respiratory virus management remain crucial components of the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

In navigating these uncharted waters, the lessons learned from the past years provide a roadmap for the future. A collective commitment to public health, informed decision-making, and adaptability will be the pillars on which societies build resilience against the ongoing challenges posed by COVID-19 and emerging infectious diseases.
 

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Jim Ferguson @JimFergusonUK
9:13 AM · Feb 24, 2024

Russia Releases 2,000 Page Report Proving Deep State & Big Pharma Manufactured Covid Pandemic

Russia has openly alleged that major pharmaceutical companies, along with influential figures within the US political landscape, orchestrated the Covid-19 pandemic as part of a global domination strategy.

Among those named as participants in this scheme are Hillary Clinton, Barack Obama, Joe Biden, and George Soros, suggesting their involvement in a conspiracy against humanity.

"The Russian Embassy in the United States declared on Thursday, “Russia wants justice for the creation and release of SARS-CoV-2, while the West covered up the origins and censored scientists and journalists.” Russian authorities assert that the bio-research initiatives undertaken by the US Defense Department in Ukraine necessitate a thorough legal review, including scrutiny by pertinent international organizations.

The embassy highlighted concerns over the Pentagon's operations in Ukraine, stating, “Of particular concern is the activity deployed by the Pentagon in Ukraine. The United States has involved dozens of state institutions and private companies of the country in its projects.”

The statement further elaborated, “Civilians and military personnel of the republic became donors of biomaterial and simply experimental subjects. There is no doubt that such actions require an appropriate legal assessment, including from relevant international structures.”

Concerns persist within the international arena regarding the unchecked dual-purpose research conducted under the US Defense Department's guidance, with Russia consistently citing “gross violations” by the United States of the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention commitments.

The diplomats remarked, “Washington ignores the claims, justifying itself with a certain humanitarian component of its programs.” They added, “We emphasize that there is no question about any good goals of the projects of the US Defense Department. Evidence of US work with potential agents of biological weapons is available and they are far from isolated as well as evidence of attempts to deliberately enhance the properties of pathogens of economically significant infections.”
 

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Covid 'pandemic babies' show two 'fascinating' biological changes, study finds
By Caitlin Tilley, Health Reporter For Dailymail.Com
Published: 17:14 EST, 1 March 2024 | Updated: 19:32 EST, 1 March 2024

  • Babies born during pandemic-era lockdowns have an altered gut microbiome
  • Only 17% of infants born during lockdown needed antibiotics by one year of age
Lockdowns during the Covid pandemic led to two 'fascinating' changes in babies bodies that may have protected them against disease and allergies, a study has found.

Researchers from University College Cork in Ireland found that children born while the world was locked down during Covid had an altered gut microbiome - the ecosystem of 'good' and 'bad' bacteria in the gut that aid in digestion, destroys harmful bacteria and helps control the immune system.

The biome was found to be more beneficial in the infants.

Researchers believe this led 'Covid babies' to have lower than expected rates of allergic conditions, such as food allergies, compared to pre-pandemic babies, the scientists found.

They also required fewer antibiotics to treat illnesses.

Researchers analyzed fecal samples from 351 Irish babies born in the first three months of the pandemic, between March and May 2020, and compared them to samples from babies born before the pandemic.

Online questionnaires were used to collect information on diet, home environment and health to account for variables.

Stool samples were collected at six, 12 and 24 months and allergy testing was performed at 12 and 24 months.

The Covid newborns were found to have more of the beneficial microbes gained from their mother after birth, which could act as a defense against allergic diseases.

If individuals have a disrupted gut microbiome, this may lead to the development of food allergies.

Babies born in the pandemic had lower allergy rates: About five percent of the Covid babies had developed a food allergy at age one, compared to 22.8 percent in the pre-Covid babies.

Researchers said that mothers had passed on the beneficial microbes to their babies while pregnant, and they gained additional ones from the environment after they were born.

The study also found that babies born during lockdowns had fewer infections because they were not exposed to germs and bacteria.

This meant they needed fewer antibiotics - which kill good bacteria - leading to a better microbiome.

The lockdown babies were also breastfed for longer, which provided additional benefits.

Of the Covid babies, only 17 percent of infants required an antibiotic by one year of age.

In the pre-pandemic cohort, meanwhile, 80 percent of babies had taken antibiotics by 12 months.

This was 'fascinating outcome,' joint senior author Liam O'Mahony, professor of immunology at the University College Cork, said, and 'correlated with higher levels of beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria.'

Professor Jonathan Hourihane, consultant pediatrician at Children's Health Ireland Temple Street and joint senior author of the study, said: 'This study offers a new perspective on the impact of social isolation in early life on the gut microbiome.

'Notably, the lower allergy rates among newborns during the lockdown could highlight the impact of lifestyle and environmental factors, such as frequent antibiotic use, on the rise of allergic diseases.'

The researchers hope to re-examine the children when they are five years old to see if there are any long-term impacts of the early changes in gut microbiome.

The study was published in the journal Allergy.
 

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CCP Demands Nationwide Destruction of All COVID-19 Data: Source
By Mary Hong
3/1/2024

Following the extreme containment measures during the COVID-19 outbreak, Beijing has chosen to remain indifferent to the raging pandemic. Recent revelations from a source with knowledge of the matter suggest that the regime has mandated the nationwide destruction of all COVID-19 data within the healthcare system.

Recently, Mr. Chen (pseudonym) from Changsha, Hunan, disclosed to the Chinese language edition of The Epoch Times that his friend holds a leadership role in a local hospital. “He told me directly: the government is instructing health departments across the country to eradicate all COVID-19-related data, including information on the entire epidemic prevention process and vaccination records. They must obliterate all data without leaving a trace, and computer records must be deleted entirely,” said Mr. Chen.

“He stressed that this directive is nationwide and unquestionably true,” said Mr. Chen.

Mr. Chen elaborated that the CCP’s demand entails “No data can be spared, neither on paper nor on computers. Records of vaccine administration are to be expunged, as well as records of nucleic acid testing and any embarrassing incidents that occurred during the entire epidemic prevention process.”

According to Mr. Chen, the authorities seek to erase this period from history, intending to prevent future generations from learning about these events as it signifies a government failure. He drew parallels to Mao Zedong’s actions that resulted in the deaths of many Chinese people, actions that were intentionally omitted from historical records.

After the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) pursued a “zero-COVID” approach, implementing extreme pandemic control measures. However, these measures resulted in frequent secondary disasters, fueling escalating public discontent and anger.

By the latter half of 2022, the “White Paper Movement“ swept across the nation, with street protests erupting in various locations. Before the CCP’s 20th National Congress, banners appeared on Beijing’s Sitong Bridge, demanding an end to the zero-COVID policy and calling for the downfall of Chinese leader Xi Jinping.

In late 2022, the CCP unexpectedly lifted lockdown restrictions which exposed the severity of the pandemic under lockdown. Immediately, both infected individuals and dead bodies flooded the hospitals across the country.


Pandemic Still Surging

According to Mr. Chen, COVID-19 and numerous cases of pneumonia and white lung are still surging in the nation. “Currently, hospitals are filled with many elderly and children, and the hospital business remains thriving. The situation is particularly tense in well-facilitated hospitals, where ordinary citizens typically cannot gain admission.”

Just this past February, in a local convenience store, he witnessed a man in his 30s collapsing while buying snacks with his wife and child. He recounted that the paramedics weren’t able to save the man but removed the body from the scene.

According to Mr. Chen, there is a widespread belief among the public that these outcomes are linked to receiving the vaccine.

He said, “After vaccination, many of us felt physically unwell for about a week, experiencing considerable discomfort. Some individuals who sought medical attention subsequently discovered nodules in their lungs. It’s a common scenario for individuals who were previously healthy before vaccination. However, most people refrain from openly discussing these issues because they lack concrete evidence to attribute them to the vaccine.”

He understood that some doctors maintain ambiguous stances, while others may assert that there is no cure.

He stated that he has heard discussions among people around him, speculating that there will be a widespread mortality rate among those who have been vaccinated ten years later.

He said, “The COVID-19 pandemic and its vaccine have already resulted in a considerable number of deaths among the elderly. If there is another large-scale death in ten years, the government will attribute it to other causes, rather than the COVID-19 vaccine.”

Mr. Chen shared that a friend working within the healthcare system expressed doubts about the legitimacy of China’s rapid production of COVID-19 vaccines.

According to Mr. Chen, his friend asserted, “A mature and successful vaccine cannot be developed so quickly. I personally believe that the vaccines we have received are counterfeit and come with adverse effects.”


COVID-19 Can’t Be Mentioned

Wang Dong (pseudonym) from Lu'an, Anhui Province, told The Epoch Times that there are many people infected with the virus, including adults and children. “The hospitals have been overcrowded for years since 2020,” he said.

Deaths have been heard frequently. “Recently, there have been numerous deaths, primarily among individuals with underlying health conditions, with a higher proportion being elderly individuals. However, there have also been cases involving younger individuals,” said Mr. Wang.

Mr. Liu from Hefei, Anhui Province, confirmed to The Epoch Times that there are queues for medical treatment due to virus infections, with wait times of one to two hours during the Chinese New Year. He noted a higher incidence of infection among children and the elderly.

“Doctors won’t disclose the specific virus causing the infection, and the term COVID-19 is rarely mentioned. It seems that the COVID-19 virus has become a persistent issue. After more than three years of the pandemic, people are no longer naive; we understand the situation,” said Mr. Liu.
 

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99 Million Vaccinee's Study - I Talked to The Researchers
Drbeen Medical Lectures
Streamed live March 1 2024
38 min 54 sec

In this study funded by CDC the researchers find that some vaccine side-effects of special interest (SAEI) within 42 days of the vaccination are statistically significantly elevated but are rare. I had some questions that I asked the researchers. Here I will present their answers. My takeaway is that this study is only for the acute side effects and not for long-term outcomes.

9 Million Vaccinees Study
COVID-19 vaccines and adverse events of special interest: A multinational Global Vaccine Data Network (GVDN) cohort study of 99 million vaccinated individuals - ScienceDirect

Long COVID Delayed Onset up-to 3 Months
Long COVID is associated with severe cognitive slowing: a multicentre cross-sectional study - eClinicalMedicine

Long COVID or Post-COVID Conditions | CDC

Delayed Symptoms in Patients Recovered from COVID-19 - PMC

Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations | Nature Reviews Microbiology

Vaccine mRNA and/or Spike Protein Persistence
Immune imprinting, breadth of variant recognition, and germinal center response in human SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination - ScienceDirect

Persistent Spike-specific T cell immunity despite antibody reduction after 3 months from SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2-mRNA vaccine | Scientific Reports

Detection of recombinant Spike protein in the blood of individuals vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2: Possible molecular mechanisms - Brogna - 2023 - PROTEOMICS – Clinical Applications - Wiley Online Library

Circulating Spike Protein Detected in Post–COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Myocarditis | Circulation

US Vaccination Tracker
US Coronavirus vaccine tracker | USAFacts

Definition of Acute
Acute (medicine) - Wikipedia
 
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