FishHook, you say you're getting good fuel through the engine? Does that mean you have pulled an injector and watched while it sprayed, loosened an injector line and watched it bleed/pump, or are pumping diesel through the exhaust? If your injectors are properly bled and pump working now, you may have washed the cylinders on a worn engine, (ether would make that worse), and are not getting viable compression. Did you check compression and is it within specs?
Feed that baby some ATF down the air intake, (not too much, you don't want a runaway), and start it with that, to lubricate the cylinders.
If I read right and you replaced the pump, it could well need drip timing. I have run into some real bears to time properly, and it can be critical in diesel. If you didn't buy the manual, call a service shop, or find a forum for that tractor, and get the instructions, if it won't start up on ATF. I have also started very worn diesels with slick 50 when the compression is shot, but that is an emergency and not a long term fix, as in get one more job done or get it somewhere to work on, or on the truck.
Tras